开源新闻实践者的行为动机与理想边界——基于Bellingcat的分析  

Motivations and Ideal Boundaries of Open Source News Practitioners-An Analysis Based on Bellingcat

作　　者：梁骏 杨舟 Jun Liang;Zhou Yang(School of Journalism and Communication,Beijing Sport University)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学新闻与传播学院 [2]国家新闻出版署体育融合出版可视化技术重点实验室

出　　处：《全球传媒学刊》2024年第4期168-184,共17页Global Journal of Media Studies

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金“体育融合出版与传播的国际化研究”(项目编号:2023RHJS001)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：作为事实核查重要组成部分的开源新闻,一方面降低了公众参与新闻生产的门槛,另一方面无形中似乎赋予了这类开源新闻行动者认知上的特权。本研究从认知特权理论出发,以欧洲开源新闻组织Bellingcat(响铃猫)为例,分析了该组织成员的行为动机,讨论了民间新闻创新组织可能具备的潜能与当下面临的困境。研究认为,响铃猫的行为动机体现在以下四个层面:从职业选择看,为基于自我表达的社会改革意图;从能力品质看,为在实践中逐步积累新闻生产经验;从新闻理想与价值观看,为通过关键事件挖掘公众影响力;从与其他群体的关系看,行动者网络中的力量既产生推动作用,也带来阻力。诸如此类的新闻创新组织可能面临公共资源调配能力的局限、开源数据与封闭信息的伦理博弈以及“独立”概念的践行障碍这三个方面的局限性。As an important part of fact-checking,open source journalism on the one hand lowers the threshold for public participation in news production,and on the other hand seems to invisibly grant cognitive privileges to such actors.Based on the epistemic privilege theory,this study takes the European open source news organization Bellingcat as an example,analyzes the behavioral motivations of its members,and discusses the potential and current difficulties of such innovative organization.According to the research,the behavioral motivation of Bellingcat is reflected in the following four aspects:From the perspective of career choice,it is the intention of social reform based on self-expression;From the perspective of ability quality,to gradually accumulate experience of news production in practice;From the ideal and value of news,in order to tap public influence through key events;From relations with other groups,it is subject to both motivation and resistance in the network of actors.Such journalism innovation organizations may face three limitations:the limitation of public resource allocation ability,the ethical game between open source data and closed information,and the obstacles to the practice of the concept of“independence”.

关 键 词：开源新闻 认知特权理论 事实核查 公民记者 新闻创新 

分 类 号：G210.7[文化科学—新闻学]