中国农业开放发展的现状、问题与建议  

China's Agricultural Open Development:Status,Problems and Suggestions

作　　者：卢宪英[1] 崔卫杰[2] LU Xianying;CUI Weijie(Rural Development Institute of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所 [2]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院

出　　处：《国际贸易》2024年第11期15-23,共9页Intertrade

摘　　要：开放是中国式现代化的鲜明标识,农业高质量发展离不开高水平对外开放的有效支撑。中国入世以来,特别是党的十八大以来,农产品贸易规模不断扩大,农产品贸易关税水平稳步下降,农业领域双向投资成效显著,国际合作水平明显提升,农业开放发展取得了明显成效。但也面临农产品贸易逆差不断扩大、农业领域实际使用外资总体呈下降趋势,以及农业高水平开放试点有待加强、农业整体竞争力不足、风险防控形势更趋严峻复杂等问题。未来,我国要系统性推进农业高水平对外开放,进一步加强农业高水平对外开放先行先试力度,多领域推动农业高水平开放发展,着力提升农业综合竞争能力,有效推动农业高质量发展。同时,应注重统筹开放与安全,在农业高水平对外开放中确保高水平安全。Opening up is a distinctive symbol of Chinese modernization,and high-quality agricultural devel-opment cannot be separated from the effective support of high-level opening up.Since China's accession to the WTO,especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the scale of China's agricultur-al product trade has continued to expand,the tariff level for agricultural product trade has steadily declined,the two-way investment in the agricultural sector has achieved significant results,the level of international cooperation in the agricultural sector has significantly improved,and the open development of agriculture has achieved significant re-sults.But it also faces problems such as the continuous expansion of agricultural trade deficit,the overall downward trend in the actual use of foreign investment in the agricultural sector,the need to strengthen the pilot program for high-level opening up in agriculture,insufficient overall competitiveness of agriculture,and increasingly complex risk prevention and control situation.In the future,China should systematically promote high-level agricultural opening up,further strengthen the pilot implementation in high-level agricultural opening up,promote high-level agricultural open development in multi-fields,focus on enhancing the comprehensive competitiveness of agricul-ture,and effectively promote high-quality agricultural development.At the same time,we should pay attention to balancing opening up and security,and achieve high-level security in the high-level opening up of agriculture.

关 键 词：农业开放发展 农产品贸易 双向投资 科技国际合作 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济] F125