同步发电机在变频启动柴油机中的应用研究  

Research on application of synchronous alternator in variable frequency starting diesel engine

作　　者：聂成 景万鹏 罗紫元 郑守海 王金玉[2] Nie Cheng;Jing Wanpeng;Luo Ziyuan;Zheng Shouhai;Wang Jinyu(Technical Center,CRRC Yongji Electric Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710016,China;School of Electrics and Information Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]中车永济电机有限公司技术中心,西安710016 [2]东北石油大学电气信息工程学院,大庆163318

出　　处：《国外电子测量技术》2024年第10期153-159,共7页Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2020J032)项目资助。

摘　　要：现有的内燃机车柴油机启动方式存在设备空间占用率高、传递效率不高、故障率高等特点,在内燃机车升级换代的技术背景下,提出利用同步发电机与柴油机同轴且可以运行在电动机工况这一特点来启动柴油机,并对其电动机工况下的转速特性进行研究。通过对变频启动柴油机的工作原理及启动工况的边界条件进行分析,推导出发电机启动工况的状态方程组。为了缩短求解时间,提高求解精度,引入龙格库塔法求解上述方程组。通过编写仿真分析软件对发电机启动工况进行仿真分析,分析结果表明,同步电机启动时的机械转矩大于柴油机最大阻力转矩12000N·m,可在12s的时间内达到210r/min,满足启动工况的需求;该分析过程也可以用来校核柴油发电机组的控制策略和启动能力。The existing starting mode of diesel locomotive has the characteristics of high equipment space occupancy,low transmission efficiency and high failure rate.Under the technical background of upgrading of diesel locomotive,this paper proposes to use synchronous generator to start diesel engine,which is coaxial with diesel engine and can run in the motor condition,and studies the speed characteristics of the motor condition.Based on the analysis of the working principle and the boundary conditions of the starting condition of the variable frequency diesel engine,the state equations of the starting condition of the motor are derived.In order to shorten the solving time and improve the solving precision,Runge-Kuta method is introduced to solve the above equations.The simulation analysis software is written to analyze the starting condition of the alternator.The results show that the mechanical torque of synchronous motor is greater than the maximum resistance torque of diesel engine 12000 N·m,and can reach 210 r/min in 12 s,which can meet the requirements of starting conditions.The analysis process can also be used to check the control strategy and start-up capability of the diesel generator set.

关 键 词：内燃机车 牵引发电机 三相同步电机 变频启动柴油机 龙格库塔法 

分 类 号：U262.41[机械工程—车辆工程] TM341[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程] TN06[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]