2017—2022年某三甲肿瘤专科医院医院感染状况及趋势分析  

Status and trend of nosocomial infection in a tertiary tumor specialized hospital from 2017 to 2022

作　　者：柳怡章 张成钢 张燕[1] 蔡黎霞 王袁[1] 夏聪聪 崔鹏 LIU Yi-zhang;ZHANG Cheng-gang;ZHANG Yan;CAI Li-xia;WANG Yuan;XIA Cong-cong;CUI Peng(Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center,Shanghai Medical College,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属肿瘤医院复旦大学上海医学院,上海200032

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2024年第11期838-841,846,共5页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

基　　金：上海申康医院发展中心技术规范化管理和推广项目(SHDC22022216,SHDC22023237)。

摘　　要：目的 了解某三甲肿瘤专科医院医院感染的情况及发展趋势,为医院感染精细化管理提供参考。方法 通过医院感染病例监测系统获取某三甲肿瘤专科医院 2017—2022 年医院感染数据,对医院感染状况和趋势进行统计分析。结果 2017—2022 年该医院共报告医院感染 3 647 例,平均例次感染率 0.60%,呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=5.48,P<0.05);医院感染率排名前 5 位的科室依次为综合治疗科(5.79%)、重症监护室(2.95%)、胃外科(2.39%)、妇科(2.12%)、大肠外科(1.67%),其中重症监护室、胃外科、大肠外科医院感染率呈上升趋势;感染部位以手术部位为主(29.98%),但构成占比和感染率均呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=14.91,P<0.001);共分离出 6 154株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主(73.40%),呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=34.58,P<0.001)。大肠埃希菌占比居首位,肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌、粪肠球菌等占比呈上升趋势。结论 医院感染率同比已降至较低水平,应进一步强化精细化管理,加强重点环节监测,持续提升医疗质量安全。Objective To understand the current situation and development trend of infection in a tertiary tumor specialized hospital,and to provide reference for the refined management of nosocomial infection.Methods Obtain nosocomial infection data from a tertiary tumor specialized hospital from 2017 to 2022 through the nosocomial infection case monitoring system,and conduct statistical analysis on the current situation and trend of nosocomial infection.Results From 2017 to 2022,the hospital reported a total of 3 647 cases of nosocomial infections,with an average infection rate of 0.60%,showing a decreasing trend( χ^(2)_(trend)=5.48,P<0.05).The top five departments in terms of nosocomial infection rate were the Comprehensive Treatment Department(5.79%),Intensive Care Unit(2.95%),Gastrointestinal Surgery(2.39%),Gynecology(2.12%),and Colorectal Surgery(1.67%),with Intensive Care Unit,Gastrointestinal Surgery,and Colorectal Surgery showing an upward trend.The main site of infection was the surgical site (29.98%),but the proportion and infection rate showed a decreasing trend (χ^(2)_(trend),P<0.001).A total of 6 154 pathogenic bacteria were isolated,which were mainly gram-negative bacteria (73.40%),showing an increasing trend(χ^(2)_(trend),P<0.001).E.coli accounted for the largest proportion,while Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,and Enterococcus faecalis showed an increasing trend.Conclusion The nosocomial infection rate has dropped to a relatively low level,and it is necessary to further strengthen refined management,strengthen monitoring of key links,and continuously improve medical safety,quality,and safety.

关 键 词：肿瘤专科医院 医院感染 发病率 病原菌 趋势分析 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]