“多元建筑文化”影响下福清传统民居的类型与演变  

The Types and Evolution of Traditional Dwellings in Fuqing Under the Influence of"Multi-architectural Culture"

作　　者：黄宇东 赵冲 彭琳[1] Huang Yudong;Zhao Chong;Peng Lin

机构地区：[1]福州大学建筑与城乡规划学院

出　　处：《华中建筑》2024年第12期152-158,共7页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于基因图谱辨识的海丝沿线传统民居空间组织形式及其形成机理研究”(编号:52078135)。

摘　　要：福清位于闽东地区,由于缺乏相关系统性的研究,福清民居的建筑特点一直被视为与闽东地区类同,导致未能深入揭示福清民居的类型特征。福清受其特殊的地理位置和人文环境影响,民居类型呈现多样化,在闽东中具有鲜明的地域风格。近代随着沿海开放格局的变迁,受南洋风格的影响,福清民居的空间格局又发生了相应变化。结合田野调研、类型学、统计学等相关方法,以类型发展逻辑为线,对福清民居进行系统性的梳理和归纳,将民居类型分为传统期、发展期和洋化期三大发展阶段,“独立式”和“合院式”两条发展逻辑线,并研究各个阶段民居类型的空间特征,厘清福清民居的演变规律;进一步地将民居类型分布投射定位到地理空间中,从全域视野把握民居类型的空间分布规律及其成因。Fuqing is located in eastern Fujian.Due to the lack of relevant systematic studies,the architectural characteristics of folk houses in Fuqing have always been regarded similar to those in other eastern areas of Fujian,resulting in the failure to reveal the type characteristics of folk dwellings in Fuqing.Affected by its special geographical location and cultural environment,the types of folk houses in Fuqing are diversified and have distinctive features in eastern Fujian.With the opening up and development of coastal regions in modern times,the spatial patterns of Fuqing folk houses have changed correspondingly under the influence of Nanyang style.Combining with field research,typology,statistics and other relevant methods,we divide Fuqing folk houses into three stages:traditional stage,development stage and westernization stage,following two logic lines of"independent type"and"courtyard type".The spatial characteristics of folk houses in each stage are studied.Further,the residential types are projected into the geographical locations to shed light upon the rules and causes of spatial distribution from the global perspective.

关 键 词：福清 传统民居 合院式 独立式 类型 演变 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]