深圳市2020年肾综合征出血热流行特征及监测分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and surveillance results of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Shenzhen city in 2020

作　　者：阳帆[1,2] 罗瑶 李玥 黄亚兰[1] 吴丽娜[1,2] 吴春利 Yang Fan;Luo Yao;Li Yue;Huang Yalan;Wu Lina;Wu Chunli(Institute of Pathogenic Biology,Shenzhen Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Shenzhen 518055,China;School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心病原微生物检验所,518055 [2]南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广州510515

出　　处：《国际病毒学杂志》2024年第5期396-401,共6页International Journal of Virology

基　　金：病毒学国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目(2023KF003);深圳市科创委基础研究面上项目(JCYJ20220530140600001);深圳市医疗卫生三名工程项目(SZSM202211023)。

摘　　要：目的分析2020年深圳市肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)流行特征,了解疫源地一般人群汉坦病毒(hantavirus,HV)抗体水平和宿主动物HV携带状况.方法用描述性流行病学方法分析全市HFRS疫情流行特征;在一般人群中随机抽样采集血清,采用ELISA检测HV IgG抗体;布点捕鼠后取鼠肺提取RNA,运用实时荧光PCR进行病毒分型,阳性者进一步采用逆转录-套式PCR扩增部分M片段G2区和S片段核苷酸序列并进行系统进化树分析.结果深圳市2020年共报告HFRS病例31例,发病率为0.23/10万,无死亡病例.年龄分布在23~67岁,男女性别比为30:1.共采集200份健康人群血清样本,HV IgG抗体阳性率为2.5%(5/200),主要集中在16~60岁中青年人群.捕获303只鼠类动物,包含褐家鼠、臭鼩鼱和黄胸鼠3个鼠种,其中47份HV核酸阳性(15.5%),均为汉城病毒(seoul virus,SEOV).褐家鼠带毒率在鼠种间最高(24.6%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.920,P<0.001).阳性鼠HV M片段G2区和S片段序列核苷酸相互间同源性分别为97.7%~100.0%和96.2%~100.0%,其中臭鼩鼱与褐家鼠核酸序列相似性最高达100%.系统进化树显示鼠类动物所携带的HV均为汉城病毒S2亚型.结论深圳市为HFRS低发病区,但褐家鼠和臭鼩鼱带毒率较高,且自然疫源地人群抗免疫水平较低,未形成有效屏障,应加强对鼠类动物所携带病毒的监测与防控.Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in 2020,and understand HFRS antibody levels in the general population as well as the genotype of hantavirus(HV)carried by host animals in the epidemic focus of Shenzhen.Methods The epidemic surveillance data of HFRS in the city were collected and statistically analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Serum samples were collected randomly from the general population,and HV IgG antibody was detected by ELISA.Rodents were captured,and their lung samples were collected for RNA extraction.The genotypes were detected by real-time PCR.The HV positive samples were selected to amplify partial sequences of M fragments(G2 segment)and S fragments by reverse transcription-nested PCR(RT-nested PCR).The PCR products were analyzed using phylogenetic tree.Results A total of 31 HFRS cases were reported in Shenzhen in 2020 with no death case.The average annual incidence rate was 0.23 per 100000.The ages were mainly 23-67 years old,with a male to female ratio of 30:1.Two hundred serum samples from healthy individuals were collected,with a positive rate of 2.5%(5/200).The postive samples were mainly from the age group of 16-60 years old.A total of 303 rodents were captured,including Rattus norvegicus,Suneus murinus and Rattus flavipectus.Forty-seven samples(15.5%)from the rodents were positive for HV nucleic acid,all of which were seoul virus(SEOV).The virus-carrying rate of Rattus norvegicus was the highest among rodent species(24.6%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=34.920,P<0.001).The nucleotide similarity of the M fragments(G2 segment)and S fragments of HV in positive mouses was 97.7%and 96.2%respectively.The nucleotide sequence similarity between HV strains from Suneus murinus and Rattus norvegicus was as high as 100%.The phylogenetic tree showed that the genotype of HV in rodents belonged to SEOV subtype S2.Conclusions Although Shenzhen is a low incidence area for HFRS,the HV-carring rates of Rattus norv

关 键 词：肾综合出血热 汉坦病毒 流行特征 抗体水平 基因分型 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.8[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]