2023年武汉市猴痘疫情流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of mpox epidemics in Wuhan in 2023

作　　者：杨雪雨 李宏昀 余今菁 沈惠 陈邦华[1] Yang Xueyu;Li Hongyun;Yu Jinjing;Shen Hui;Chen Banghua(Institute for Infection Disease Control,Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430015,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制所,430015

出　　处：《国际病毒学杂志》2024年第5期408-412,共5页International Journal of Virology

基　　金：武汉市公共卫生重点学科(项目):传染病防制(新/突发传染病监测预警)。

摘　　要：目的 描述2023年武汉市猴痘确诊病例的流行病学和临床特征,为后续疫情防控提供参考.方法 纳入2023年武汉市医疗机构报告和外地报告武汉调查的50例猴痘确诊病例,开展流行病学调查,分析其三间分布、发病就诊情况及临床特征.结果 50例猴痘病例年龄范围19~63岁,男性占98.0%(49/50),以学生为主(8例,16.0%),无业/待业占14.0%(7/50),自由职业者占 12.0%(6/50).男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)44例(88.0%).病例潜伏期M(Q1,Q3)为7(5,12)d.39例(79.6%)发病前21 d内曾与同性发生性行为.主动就诊发现48例(96.0%),均因全身不同部位起疹或发热而就诊;病例的临床特征以疱疹(96.0%)、发热(66.0%)、腹股沟淋巴结肿大(26.0%)为主;超过一半病例发病后多次就诊后才确诊,就诊于传染病专科医院等首次确诊率显著高于其它医院(77.3%vs.21.4%,P<0.05).结论 武汉市猴痘疫情主要在MSM人群中隐匿性流行,症状以疱疹和发热为主,首诊诊断率较低.完善监测体系、加强重点人群宣传教育、加强医疗机构培训、落实病例早发现、早管控等措施对落实疫情防控具有重要作用.Objective To describe the epidemiological and clinical features of confirmed mpox cases in Wuhan city in 2023,so as to provide reference for subsequent epidemic prevention and control.Methods Fifty confirmed mpox cases reported by medical institutions in Wuhan city as well as the cases from other regions and investigated by Wuhan CDC in 2023 were enrolled in the study.Epidemiological investigation was carried out to analyze the disease distribution,disease onset and hospital visits as well as the clinical characteristics of the cases.Results For the 50 confirmed mpox cases,the age ranged from 19 to 63 years old and male patients accounted 98.0%(49/50).The students was the main group(8,16.0%)while unemployed and self-employed accounted for 14.0%(7/50)and 12.0%(6/50),respectively.The men who have sex with men(MSM)group accounted for 88.0%(44/50).The incubation period ranged from 0 to 21 days,with the median(Q1,Q3)value of 7(5,12)days.Thirty-nine cases(79.6%)had homosexual contacts within 21 days before onset.Forty-eight cases(96.0%)were diagnosed through active consultation and all sought medical attention due to rashes on different parts of the body or fever.The clinical features were mainly rash(96.0%),fever(66.0%),and inguinal lymph node enlargement(26.0%).More than half of the cases had multiple consultations before being diagnosed,The rate of first diagnosis in infectious disease hospitals was significantly higher than that in other hospitals(77.3%vs.21.4%,P<0.05).Conclusions The mpox epidemic in Wuhan city was quietly circulating mainly in MSM group.The initial symptoms were mainly rash and fever and the rate of diagnosis at initial visit was low.Establishing a comprehensive surveillance system,strengthening public education for high-risk groups,intensifying training in medical institutions,and implementing early detection and control measures for cases would be crucial for implementing epidemic prevention and control.

关 键 词：猴痘 流行病学特征 疫情防控 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]