数智化背景下新型劳动关系政策效能评价  

The Evaluation of Policy Effectiveness in New Labor Relations Under Digital and Intelligent Transformation

作　　者：胡恩华 徐嫣 单红梅 Hu Enhua;Xu Yan;Shan Hongmei

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学经济与管理学院 [2]南京航空航天大学江苏人力资源发展研究基地 [3]南京邮电大学管理学院

出　　处：《江苏社会科学》2024年第6期67-75,I0003,共10页Jiangsu Social Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目“中国企业-工会耦合关系理论构建与管理策略研究”(72032002);国家自然科学基金面上项目“企业-工会耦合关系对平台企业灵活就业人员多焦点承诺的影响机制研究”(72272079);江苏省社会科学基金重点项目“新就业形态劳动者服务保障机制的形塑过程、驱动路径与政策研究”(24GLA002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：数智化转型背景下,国家相继出台一系列政策来规范和调整新型劳动关系,但这些新型劳动关系政策大多是各部委依据自身职能制定的,难以保证机制设计的“无缝衔接”,对新就业形态劳动者权益的保障仍存在政策保护“灰色地带”,这有碍新型劳动关系和谐发展,亟须从制度顶层设计角度对现有新型劳动关系政策的科学性与完整性予以评估。以国家出台的14项新型劳动关系政策为研究对象,利用ROSTCM工具开展文本挖掘,构建新型劳动关系政策的PMC指数模型并对政策质量进行量化评价。研究发现:14项新型劳动关系政策中,12项为优秀级别,2项为可接受级别;政策评价、政策激励和政策公开三个一级指标得分较高,而政策功能、政策时效、政策客体、政策领域、政策内容、政策类别得分相对较低。进一步追溯二级指标得分发现,目前新型劳动关系政策主要存在缺乏统筹安排、政策时效较短、工会作用难以发挥、不同类型新就业形态劳动者覆盖不全面、权益保障内容设计存在缺陷、政策可执行力偏低等问题。In the context of digital and intelligent transformation,China has introduced a series of new labor relations policies to regulate and adjust emerging labor relationships.However,these policies are largely formulated by various departments based on their respective functions,making it difficult to ensure"seamless integration"in mechanism design.Protection gaps still exist in safeguarding the rights of workers in new forms of employment,hindering the harmonious development of new labor relations.This necessitates an evaluation of the scientific validity and comprehensiveness of existing policies from an institutional top-level design perspective.This study examines 14 national policies on new labor relations,utilizing ROSTCM tools for text mining and constructing a PMC index model to quantitatively evaluate policy quality.The findings reveal that among the 14 policies,12 are rated as excellent and 2 as acceptable.While policy evaluation,incentives,and transparency scored relatively high,policy function,timeliness,subjects,scope,content,and category scored comparatively lower.Further analysis of secondary indicators identifies several key issues:lack of planning,a short time limit,ineffective roles of the trade union,incomplete coverage of different types of new employment,deficiencies in right protection,and relatively low policy enforceability.

关 键 词：新型劳动关系政策 政策信息学理论 政策文本评价 PMC指数模型 

分 类 号：F249.26[经济管理—劳动经济] F49[经济管理—国民经济]