中国城乡家庭住房条件差异及其影响因素  

Differences in Housing Conditions between Urban and Rural Households and the Influencing Factors in China

作　　者：周真禅 周建军 ZHOU Zhen-chan;ZHOU Jian-jun

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学商学院 [2]湖南大学金融与统计学院

出　　处：《科学决策》2024年第11期144-157,共14页Scientific Decision Making

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AJL013)。

摘　　要：住房是安居之本,是民生之要,更是社会和谐之根基,住房问题既是民生问题也是发展问题。基于第五、六、七次人口普查数据,采用“纵横向”拉开档次法测度中国城乡家庭住房条件的发展水平,运用核密度估计和Dagum基尼系数分析中国城乡家庭住房条件差异的演化特征。研究表明:中国城乡家庭住房条件差异呈现下降趋势,但空间不平衡问题较为突出,东-东北部间的差异水平最大。通过Shapley值分解法进一步对城乡家庭住房条件影响因素进行分析,认为经济因素能显著影响城乡家庭的住房条件,而住房因素和人口因素对城乡家庭住房条件的影响存在异质性特征,且各因素的贡献率存在明显波动性。研究结论为政府精准化制定城乡住房发展计划、全面推进城乡融合提供了思路参考。Housing is the foundation of a secure home,a necessity for people’s livelihoods,and the cornerstone of social harmony.Housing issues are both livelihood and developmental concerns.Based on the data of the fifth,sixth and seventh national population censuses,using the“vertical and horizontal”scatter degree method to measure the development level of urban and rural families housing conditions in China.Using kernel density estimation and the Dagum Gini coefficient,it analyzes the evolutionary characteristics of disparities in housing conditions among urban and rural households.It founds that the disparity in housing conditions between urban and rural households in China has shown a declining trend,but the spatial imbalances is prominent,with the largest disparity observed between the eastern and northeastern regions.Further analysis using the Shapley value decomposition method indicates that economic factors significantly influence the housing conditions of urban and rural households,while the effects of housing and population factors demographic characteristics exhibit heterogeneity,and the contribution rates of each factor have significant fluctuations.The conclusions provide a valuable reference for the government in formulating targeted urban and rural housing development plans and promoting comprehensive urban-rural integration.

关 键 词：住房条件 城乡差异 基尼系数 Shapley值分解法 

分 类 号：F293.3[经济管理—国民经济]