军阀政治的结构性冲突:1932年胶东之战再研究  

Structural Conflicts in Warlord Politics:A Re-examination of the Jiaodong War in 1932

作　　者：贺江枫[1] He Jiangfeng

机构地区：[1]南开大学中国社会史研究中心暨历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《史学月刊》2024年第12期65-79,共15页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“抗战时期华北地方实力派研究(1931-1945)”(22BZS126)

摘　　要：1930年代华北政治社会结构仍旧延续北洋时期军阀割据的特性,韩复榘、刘珍年作为新兴的地方军政集团,为树立绝对权威、独占社会经济资源,围绕财赋税收、地缘政治的冲突日趋激化。而国民政府对地方实力派钳制分化的策略,在促使央地关系异化的同时,更加剧了地方内部的结构性矛盾,面对日军侵略的外在压力,华北原有的权力格局被打破,韩复榘在东北军支持下,掀起胶东之战,并极力构建“有道伐无道”的合法性借口。蒋介石曾考虑军事解决山东问题,囿于自身实力以及日本潜在的干预,当韩复榘促成冯玉祥离鲁北上、意图缓和后,韩、刘战事得以和平解决,但山东与中央之间却埋下疏离的阴影,地方政治的矛盾又以新的形式呈现,国民政府在地方治理的过程中,从中央至地方各个层级存在的结构性冲突,使得社会秩序长期陷入动荡不安的局面。During the 1930s,the North China's political and social structure retained characteristics of the Beiyang period's warlordism.Emerging local military and political groups led by Han Fu-chieh and Liu Chen-nien sought to establish absolute authority and monopolize socio-economic resources,therefore their conflicts around fiscal revenue and geopolitical control intensified.The National Government sought to constrain and divide local powers,which would alienate the central-local relationship and exacerbate internal structural conflicts.As Japanese aggression escalated,the power structure in North China collapsed.Supported by the Northeast Army,Han Fu-chieh started the Jiaodong War,striving to construct a narrative of legitimacy based on righteousness over tyranny.Chiang Kai-shek considered military intervention in Shandong,but hesitated due to his limited power and potential Japanese interference.When Han Fu-chieh expelled Feng Yuxiang from Shandong,aiming to ease tensions,the conflict between Han and Liu was soon resolved peacefully.However,the rift between Han Fu-chieh and the National Government became more severe,and local political contradictions emerged in new forms.The National Government's local governance approach,from central to local levels,created structural conflicts that perpetuated long-term social disorder.

关 键 词：韩复榘 刘珍年 蒋介石 张学良 军阀政治 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]