煤基活性炭黏结剂的研究进展与发展趋势  

Research progress and development trend of coal-based activated carbon binders

作　　者：陈文凯 CHEN Wenkai(China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Coal-based Carbon Materials,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Low-carbon Technology Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京100013 [3]煤基节能环保炭材料北京市重点实验室,北京100013 [4]中国煤科低碳技术研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2024年第6期44-56,共13页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项基金资助项目(2023-TD-QN002)。

摘　　要：煤炭清洁高效利用是实现“双碳”目标的重要途径,而煤基活性炭应用是煤炭清洁高效利用的重要组成部分。随着环保产业的快速发展,工业和日常生活中对煤基活性炭的需求日益增加。其中,煤基成型活性炭在生产过程中需添加黏结剂,其对活性炭的性能起着重要的作用。目前,工业上主要以煤焦油为黏结剂生产柱状成型活性炭,由于煤焦油存在环保、安全、成本等问题,目前对于开发新型黏结剂用于成型活性炭制备已进行大量研究。阐述煤基活性炭黏结剂的作用机理,综述近年来煤基活性炭黏结剂在有机黏结剂(如酚醛树脂、黏结性纤维素、聚乙烯醇及其衍生物、淀粉、腐殖酸及其钠盐等)、无机黏结剂(如硅酸盐、铝酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、氯化物、石灰、膨润土、皂土、水玻璃等)、复合黏结剂(如有机-无机、无机-无机、有机-有机)等方面的研究进展,归纳煤基活性炭黏结剂的主要特点,包括黏结能力、成型性能、热稳定性、化学稳定性、环境友好性、对吸附性能的影响、经济性、易于处理与回收、兼容性及可调节性等。最后对煤基成型活性炭黏结剂未来的发展趋势进行展望,未来需重点关注环保型黏结剂的开发、多功能黏结剂的研究、资源的综合利用、黏结剂性能的优化、标准化和规模化生产、环保法规和市场需求的驱动与跨学科合作等方向。煤基活性炭黏结剂将朝着环保、高效、多功能和资源综合利用的方向发展,同时也需要政策支持、市场需求和科技进步的共同推动。煤基活性炭黏结剂作为1种新材料,将会对促进活性炭产业的发展、提高环保与能源效率、推动技术创新与产业升级、促进区域经济发展、推动相关法规与标准的建立等方面发挥重要的作用。The clean and efficient utilization of coal is a crucial strategy for attaining the“double carbon”goals,and the application of coal-based activated carbon serving as a key component of this approach.As the environmental protection industry continues to advance,the demand for coal-based activated carbon has significantly intensified.Among them,the addition of binders during the production of coal-based formed activated carbon plays a significant role in enhancing the performance of activated carbon.Therefore,it is essential to conduct research on developing new binders for the preparation of formed activated carbon.This analysis delineates the function mechanism of coal-based activated carbon binders,and summarizes the research progress of coal-based activated carbon binders in organic binders(including phenolic resin,adhesive cellulose,polyvinyl alcohol and its derivatives,starch,humic acid and its sodium salts),inorganic binders(like silicates,aluminates,sulfates,phosphates,chlorides,lime,bentonite,soapstone,water glass),composite binders(organic-inorganic,inorganic-inorganic,organic-organic,etc.)in recent years.It summarizes the main characteristics of coal-based activated carbon binders,encompassing their binding efficacy,formability,thermal and chemical stability,environmental sustainability,influence on adsorption capacity,cost-efficiency,ease of management and recuperation,compatibility,and modifiability.Finally,the future development trends of coal-based formed activated carbon binders are discussed.Future research should focus on the development of environmentally friendly binders,research on multifunctional binders,comprehensive utilization of resources,performance optimization of binders,standardized and large-scale production,driving of environmental regulations and market demand,and interdisciplinary cooperation.Coal-based activated carbon binders are poised to evolve towards enhanced environmental sustainability,efficiency,multifunctionality,and comprehensive resource utilization.This development

关 键 词：活性炭 煤焦油 黏结机理 有机黏结剂 无机黏结剂 复合黏结剂 吸附性能 

分 类 号：TQ424.11[化学工程]