泡沫成形法制备芳纶纤维-碳纤维复合导电泡沫及性能  

Preparation and performance of aramid fiber/carbon fiber composite conductive foam by foam forming method

作　　者：陈珝 谭蕉君 宋顺喜 张美云 陈瑛奇 舒管汭 CHEN Xu;TAN Jiaojun;SONG Shunxi;ZHANG Meiyun;CHEN Yingqi;SHU Guanrui(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,西安710021

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第11期1-9,共9页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51903142);陕西省重点研发计划一般项目(2023-YBGY-474);广西清洁化制浆造纸与污染控制重点实验室开放基金项目(KF201904)。

摘　　要：高性能泡沫因其轻质、隔热、吸音和抗冲击等特性在航空航天、汽车制造、建筑材料等领域得到广泛应用。芳纶纤维以其卓越的综合性能成为这类材料理想构筑基元。然而,芳纶泡沫存在工艺复杂、耗时耗能等不足,限制了其应用的拓展。为了克服这些挑战,提出了泡沫成形法,利用泡沫作为纤维载体实现了芳纶纤维的高效分散和气泡模板的辅助造孔,进一步加入羰基铁粉和丁苯胶乳来抑制泡沫聚并、增强泡沫稳定性,实现了常压下芳纶纤维泡沫的快速干燥,极大简化制备流程、提高了制备效率。同时,在泡沫浆料中通过引入碳纤维和羰基铁粉,制备了具有高导电性的芳纶/碳纤维复合泡沫,研究了碳纤维含量对泡沫的电导率、电磁屏蔽特性及力学性能的影响。结果表明,当碳纤维质量分数达到9.9%时,芳纶/碳纤维/羰基铁粉复合泡沫不仅具有优于芳纶泡沫的力学性能,还表现出优异的导电性和电磁屏蔽效能。High-performance foams,characterized by their lightweight,thermal insulation,sound absorption and impact resistance,demonstrate significant potential in aerospace,automotive manufacturing,and construction materials.Aramid fibers,renowned for their exceptional properties,are ideal building blocks for these high-performance foams.Despite their advantages,the production of aramid foams is typically complex,time-consuming and energy-intensive,which restricts their wider application.To tackle these issues,we have developed a novel foam-forming technique that employs foam as a medium for the dispersion of aramid fibers and creating a porous structure.Additionally,integrating carbonyl iron powder and styrene-butadiene latex into the foam slurry effectively prevents foam coalescence and bolsters stability,facilitating the rapid drying of aramid fiber foams at atmospheric pressure.This advancement greatly simplifies the manufacturing process and enhances production efficiency.Moreover,aramid/carbon fiber composite foams with high electrical conductivity have been prepared by incorporating carbon fibers and carbonyl iron powder,and the effect of carbon fiber content on foam's electrical conductivity,electromagnetic shielding,and mechanical properties were investigated.It is demonstrated that the composite foam,with a carbon fiber content of 9.9%,not only meets the mechanical properties of aramid foams but also exhibits excellent electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness.

关 键 词：芳纶泡沫 泡沫成形法 常压干燥 导电 电磁屏蔽 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业]