微生物电合成系统阴极电子传递机制和氢介导强化措施  

Mechanism of cathodic electron transfer and hydrogen–mediated enhanced measures in microbial electrosynthesis system

作　　者：陈高祥 王荣昌[1] 蒋佳承 CHEN Gaoxiang;WANG Rongchang;JIANG Jiacheng(Institute of Biofilm Technology,Key Laboratory of Yangtze Aquatic Environment,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学生物膜技术研究所,长江水环境教育部重点实验室,同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《化工进展》2024年第S01期504-516,共13页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878466)。

摘　　要：微生物电合成系统是以微生物作为生物催化剂,利用可再生能源将二氧化碳(CO_(2))还原为有机化合物的可持续发展技术,可以帮助缓解大气温室气体并实现低碳循环生物经济和工业CO_(2)生物转化过程。本文介绍了微生物电合成系统中阴极与微生物之间的电子传递机制,包括直接电子传递和间接电子传递,其中氢气(H_(2))介导的间接电子传递为研究最多的电子传递过程。本文还介绍了微生物电合成系统中阴极电化学产氢和生物产氢过程的发生机制,阐述了H_(2)的产生和利用以及在CO_(2)的还原过程中不同微生物之间的相互依存和协作机制。本文还围绕H_(2)介导的间接电子传递过程提出促进阴极析氢反应、投加外源介质和优化反应器设计等强化措施以促进H_(2)的产生和CO_(2)的还原过程。本文为提升微生物电合成系统的电子传递效率和目标产物产率提供了理论依据和技术支撑。Microbial electrosynthesis system is a sustainable technology that uses microorganisms as biocatalysts to reduce carbon dioxide(CO_(2))to organic compounds using renewable energy sources,which can help to mitigate atmospheric greenhouse gases and realize a low-carbon recycling bio-economy and industrial CO_(2)bioconversion process.This paper describes the electron transfer mechanisms between the cathode and microorganisms in microbial electrosynthesis system,including direct and indirect electron transfer,of which hydrogen(H_(2))mediated indirect electron transfer is the most studied electron transfer process.This paper also introduces the occurrence mechanisms of cathodic pure electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction and biological hydrogen production in microbial electrosynthesis system,and elaborates on the interdependence and collaboration mechanisms between different microorganisms in the process of H_(2)production and utilization and CO_(2)reduction.The paper also focuses on the H_(2)mediated indirect electron transfer process and proposes enhanced measures such as promoting the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction,adding exogenous media and optimizing the reactor design in order to promote hydrogen production and CO_(2)reduction process.This review provides theoretical basis and technological support for improving the electron transfer efficiency and target product yield of microbial electrosynthesis system.

关 键 词：微生物电合成 直接电子传递 间接电子传递 氢介导 二氧化碳 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]