基于显微结构与代谢组学的不同采收季节远志特征研究  

Study on the Characteristics of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix)in Different Harvesting Seasons Based on Microstructure and Metabonomics

作　　者：张潞 蒋境兴 李佩 王颖莉 郝旭亮 ZHANG Lu;JIANG Jingxing;LI Pei;WANG Yingli;HAO Xuliang(Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China;Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西中医药大学附属医院,山西太原030024 [2]山西中医药大学,山西晋中030619

出　　处：《辽宁中医药大学学报》2024年第12期42-48,F0003,共8页Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中央扶持地方项目(YDZX20201400001518);山西省技术创新中心项目(202104010911024);山西省科技创新人才团队项目(202204051002028);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2021-143);山西中医药大学科技创新能力培育计划项目(2021PY-JC-05)。

摘　　要：目的利用显微鉴定和植物代谢技术,分析不同采收季节远志显微结构和代谢物之间的特征。方法根据其采收时间将收集的12批远志药材分为春采和秋采两组,通过性状和横切面显微结构观察两组样本的直观区别。采用超高效液相色谱-质谱(UHPLC-MS)分析采收季节对远志代谢轮廓调节作用,基于主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘法-判别分析(PLS-DA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)寻找差异代谢物。结果远志春采样本木栓形成层、草酸钙簇晶明显,韧皮部裂隙明显。多元统计分析得到差异代谢物共219个,经质荷比(m/z)结合数据库指认得到29个,其中dihydrojasmone、pseudoionone等22个代谢物在秋采远志中含量较高;lauroyldiethanolamide、N-nonanoylglycine等7个含量较低。上述代谢物富集得到鞘磷脂代谢、β-丙氨酸代谢、黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成、泛酸盐和辅酶A(CoA)生物合成、嘧啶代谢共5条代谢通路。结论不同采收期远志的显微结构区别明显,差异代谢物种类丰富,显微鉴定和植物代谢技术可作为区分远志采收期的研究技术,应用于远志加工采收。Objective To analyze the characteristics of the microstructure and metabolites of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix)of different harvesting seasons using microscopic identification and plant metabolism techniques.Methods The 12 batches of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix)collected based on their harvesting time were divided into two groups:spring harvesting and autumn harvesting.The differences between the two groups of samples were observed through morphology and cross-sectional microstructure.UHPLC-MS was used to analyze the regulatory effect of harvesting season on the metabolic profile of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix).Differential metabolites were identified based on PCA,PLS-DA,and OPLS-DA.Results The cork formation layer,calcium oxalate cluster crystals,and phloem cracks were obvious in the spring collected samples of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix).Multivariate statistical analysis showed that there were 219 differential metabolites,29 of which were identified by the m/z combined with the database.Among them,22 metabolites such as dihydrojasmone,pseudoionone,etc.had a higher content in Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix);lauroyldiethanolamide,N-nonanoylglycine,and other 5 compounds have relatively low content.The above metabolites were enriched to obtain sphingomyelin metabolism,β-alanine metabolism,flavone and flavonol biosynthesis,pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis,pyrimidine metabolism.Conclusion There were significant differences in the microstructure of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix)of different harvesting periods,and there were abundant types of different metabolites.Microscopic identification and plant metabolism techniques can be used as research techniques to distinguish the harvesting period of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix),and can be applied to the processing and harvesting of Yuanzhi(Polygalae Radix).

关 键 词：远志 植物代谢组学 显微鉴定 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学] R284[医药卫生—中医学]