冷冻胚胎主体性证成及认定规则的建构  

Identification of Frozen Embryo Subjectivity and Construction of Identifying Rules

作　　者：梁甲泉 LIANG Jiaquan(College of Marine Culture and Law,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学海洋文化与法律学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《太原学院学报（社会科学版）》2025年第1期83-91,共9页Journal of Taiyuan University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：体外受精-胚胎移植技术不断完善,给不孕不育家庭带来了福音,然而由于立法的不完善,冷冻胚胎的法律属性尚未明确规定,实践中极易产生纠纷。以人类辅助生殖技术获取的冷冻胚胎,承载着不孕夫妻的情感寄托,基于法律天理人情,应当具有“准主体”和“准客体”的双重法律属性。在对冷冻胚胎的主体性权益受到损害进行认定时,应当以胚胎移植时间作为其权利能力的赋予依据,可以有效地解决“冷冻胚胎究竟是偏物多一点,还是偏人多一点”的问题,不仅有利于统一司法决策,也有助于限制法官的自由裁量权。Infertile families benefit from in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer technology.However,the legal attributes of frozen embryos are still not clearly defined,which is easy to cause disputes in practice.Frozen embryos obtained through human assisted reproduction technology bear the emotional sustains of infertile couples,and should have dual legal attributes of“quasi-subject”and“quasi-object”based on law,nature and human feeling.When determining the infringement of the subject rights and interests of frozen embryos,the time node of embryo transfer could be used for granting their legal capacity,which can effectively solve the problem of whether frozen embryos are more biased towards objects or people.This is not only conducive to unified judicial decision-making,but also helps to limit the discretion of judges.

关 键 词：冷冻胚胎 主体性权益 规则建构 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]