钢渣堆置区土壤中钒的污染特征及生态风险评价  

Characteristics and risk assessment of vanadium contamination in soil from a steel slag disposal site

作　　者：赵震乾 吴晟旻 高雅娴 巩杨 田丰 田晶 ZHAO Zhenqian;WU Shengmin;GAO Yaxian;GONG Yang;TIAN Feng;TIAN Jing(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210024

出　　处：《化工环保》2024年第6期874-880,共7页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2105401.2)。

摘　　要：以苏南地区某钢渣堆置区为对象,通过土壤调查与室内实验相结合的方法,研究了钢渣堆置区土壤中重金属钒的空间分布特征,考察了模拟大雨、中雨和小雨模式下,钢渣和土壤中钒的累计释放特征,并对钢渣堆置区内土壤中钒的生态风险进行了评价。实验结果表明:土壤中钒含量的分布呈由西南向东北逐渐升高的趋势;土壤pH为7.37~13.10,呈碱性,其空间分布特征与钒含量一致;不同降雨模式对淋出液pH的影响较小,3种雨量条件下,淋出液pH均大于12.40,呈强碱性;中雨条件下,钒累积淋出量最高,达381μg/d,分别为小雨和大雨条件下的1.63和1.92倍。生态风险评价结果表明,西南部区域钒的潜在生态风险等级为轻微生态危害,由西南向东北生态风险等级逐渐提高,东北部区域属于强生态危害区域。The spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metal vanadium in the soil from a steel slag disposal site in southern Jiangsu Province were studied by means of soil investigation and laboratory experiments.The cumulative release characteristics of vanadium in the soil were examined under simulated heavy rain,moderate rain,and light rain conditions,and the ecological risk of vanadium in the soil from the steel slag disposal site was evaluated.The results show that the distribution of vanadium in the soil gradually increases from southwest to northeast;the soil pH ranges from 7.37 to 13.10,showing alkaline characteristics consistent with the spatial distribution of vanadium.The influence of different rainfall patterns on leachate pH is relatively small,with leachate pH exceeding 12.40 under all three rainfall conditions,indicating strong alkalinity.Under moderate rain conditions,the highest vanadium content in the leachate is observed,with a cumulative leaching amount of 381μg/d,which is 1.63 and 1.92 times that of light and heavy rainfall conditions,respectively.The ecological risk assessment results indicate that the potential ecological risk level of vanadium in the southwestern region is slight,gradually increasing from the southwest to the northeast,where it becomes a strong ecological risk.

关 键 词：钢渣堆置区 钒 空间分布 淋溶实验 潜在生态风险等级 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]