污水处理厂地块土壤异味物质识别方法——以我国北方某污水处理厂地块为例  

Identification method for odor substances in soil of sewage treatment plant plots:taking a sewage treatment plant in northern China as an example

作　　者：李文峰 王前武 杨润田 张杰西 温旭 LI Wenfeng;WANG Qianwu;YANG Runtian;ZHANG Jiexi;WEN Xu(Beijing Construction Engineering Group Environmental Remediation Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100015,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建工环境修复股份有限公司,北京100015 [2]污染场地安全修复技术国家工程实验室,北京100015

出　　处：《化工环保》2024年第6期887-892,共6页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

摘　　要：以我国北方某典型污水处理厂地块为研究对象,通过布点采样、异味物质指标检测及人工嗅辨等方法,确定了产生异味的污染物质,根据地块特点深入分析了污染物的转化过程,阐明了异味物质的来源和生成机制。结果表明,该地块产生异味的物质为氨气,产生原因为地块土壤呈碱性,氨氮超标的污水渗漏至土壤中使土壤中残留大量游离氨和铵离子,铵离子在碱性条件下转化为游离氨,进而以氨气的形式挥发至大气环境中引发异味问题。本研究在土壤样品化学检测分析的基础上,引入人工嗅辨法进行异味物质识别,并结合污染指标在不同环境下的转化过程进行综合分析,为污水处理厂地块异味的来源分析提供了一种新的方法和思路。A typical sewage treatment plant in northern China was taken as the research object.Through sampling,odor index detection,and artificial olfactory methods,the pollutants that produced odors were identified.According to the characteristics of the plot,the transformation process of pollutants was analyzed in depth,with the source and formation mechanism of odor substances clarified.The results show that ammonia gas is the substance that produces odors in this plot.It occurs because the soil in the plot is alkaline.The sewage with excessive ammonia nitrogen leaks into the soil,leaving a large amount of free ammonia and ammonium ions in the soil.Under alkaline conditions,the ammonium ions are converted into free ammonia,which then volatilizes into the atmosphere in the form of ammonia gas and causes odors.Based on chemical detection and analysis of soil samples,this study introduces artificial olfactory identification methods for identifying odor substances and combines them with the transformation process of pollution indicators in different environments for comprehensive analysis.It provides a new method and idea for analyzing the source of odors in sewage treatment plant plots.

关 键 词：土壤调查 污水处理厂 人工嗅辨 异味 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]