超越绝对君主制的和平方案——论费奈隆的“普遍共和国”  

A Peaceful Proposal Beyond Absolute Monarchy:On Fénelon’s Universal Republic

作　　者：乐启良[1] 陈静[1] LE Qiliang;CHEN Jing

机构地区：[1]浙江大学历史学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期63-71,共9页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：路易十四鼓吹领土扩张,信奉贸易保护主义,宣扬君主利益和国家利益一致论,并为此不遗余力地推行称霸欧洲的政策。弗朗索瓦·费奈隆在吸收古典政治思想、自然权利传统,尤其是基督教伦理的基础上,对路易十四的绝对君主制理论提出了针锋相对的批评。他要求正确认识民族利益与国际道义,构建欧洲范围的“普遍共和国”,主张通过贸易合作、国际法、仲裁机构、大国协调等制度保障多民族共存的欧洲和平。费奈隆为超越绝对君主制而构建的和平方案既关照了民族国家的现实利益,也维护了人类道义,构成了启蒙时代以来西方国际政治理论的重要灵感来源。Louis XIV championed territorial expansion,espoused a policy of trade protectionism,and ardently pursued a policy of European hegemony by propagating the doctrine of the convergence of royal and national interests.François Fénelon,grounded his trenchant critique of Louis XIV’s theory of absolute monarchy on an assimilation of classical political thought,the tradition of natural rights,notably Christian ethics.Fénelon insisted upon a judicious comprehension of national interests and in-ternational morality,advocating for the establishment of a pan-European Universal Republic.He asserted the necessity of institu-tional mechanisms such as trade cooperation,international law,arbitration institutions,and coordination among major powers to ensure the peaceful coexistence of diverse nations in Europe.Fénelon’s peace proposal,conceived to transcend the confines of absolute monarchy,not only addressed the pragmatic interests of nation-states but also aligned with the upholding of human eth-ics.It stands as a seminal source of inspiration for Western international political theory since the Enlightenment era.

关 键 词：费奈隆 路易十四 普遍共和国 绝对君主制 

分 类 号：K565.4[历史地理—历史学]