血痕时序性研究进展  

Research Progress on Time Series of Blood Stain

作　　者：韦铭菲 吕晓瑜 马秀伟 史俊展 秦豪杰[1] 李凡[1] WEI Mingfei;LÜXiaoyu;MA Xiuwei;SHI Junzhan;QIN Haojie;LI Fan(School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;Luoyang Dongdu Hospital,Luoyang 471002,China;Luolong Branch of Luoyang Public Security Bureau,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学基础医学与法医学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]洛阳东都医院,河南洛阳471002 [3]洛阳市公安局洛龙分局,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2024年第5期50-58,共9页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：河南科技大学博士科研启动基金项目。

摘　　要：血痕是案件调查中出现频率最高、信息存储最为丰富的痕迹物证,是破案需要获取的关键物证。刑事技术人员通过对现场遗留血痕的物理形态和化学特征的观察分析,能够部分还原出犯罪过程、作案工具等,为缩小侦查范围、分析案情提供不可替代的作用。由于不同组织载体上的血痕会随时间的延长呈现规律性的变化,同时血痕在不同载体上、不同稀释方式及浓度等影响因素中的表现形式不同,故对血痕的检测、血痕与其他体液辨别以及血痕形成时间的预测推断等一直是案件侦破极其重要的研究方向。通过综述近年来基于直接观察法、生物化学法、光学法、颜色指标量化法等技术对血痕检测的研究进展,以期为法医现场实践与科学研究提供参考。Blood stain is the trace evidence with the highest frequency of encountered and the richest information,and it is the key evidence needed to solve the case.By observing and analyzing the physical form and chemical characteristics of the blood stain left on the scene,investigators can partially restore the criminal process and tools,which provides an irreplaceable role for narrowing the scope of investigation and analyzing the case.The characteristics of the blood stains on different tissue carriers will change regularly with the passage of time,and even at the same exposure time,the blood stains on different carriers have different manifestations in different dilution methods and concentrations.Therefore,the detection of blood stains,the discrimination between blood stains and other body fluids,and the prediction and inference of the formation time of blood stains have always been extremely important research directions in case investigation.In this paper,the research progress of blood trace detection based on direct observation,biochemical method,optical visualization method,colorimetric quantification method and so on in recent years is reviewed,in order to provide reference for forensic practice and research.

关 键 词：法医病理学 血痕 色差仪 时间推断 

分 类 号：DF795.4[医药卫生—法医学]