中药活性成分镇痛机制及其应用  

The mechanism and application of analgesic traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：李家琦 高远 张文平[1] 赵凯 LI Jiaqi;GAO Yuan;ZHANG Wenping;ZHAO Kai(College of Life Sciences and Medicine,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation,Taizhou Key Laboratory of Biomedicine and Advanced Dosage Forms,School of Life Sciences,Taizhou University,Taizhou 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学生命科学与医药学院,杭州310018 [2]台州学院生命科学学院,浙江省植物进化生态学与保护重点实验室,台州市生物医药与高端剂型重点实验室,台州318000

出　　处：《生命的化学》2024年第11期2054-2066,共13页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：台州市社会发展科技计划项目(23sfa02)。

摘　　要：在日常生活与临床中疼痛常有发生,及时对疼痛进行治疗可以有效提高疾病的治愈率。现阶段使用的镇痛药物主要作用于中枢神经系统,但这类镇痛药物会产生一定的依赖性。中药镇痛是一种传统的治疗方法,目前常用的镇痛中药活性成分可分为生物碱类、黄酮类、香豆素类和活性多糖类等四类。它们通过MAPK/p38信号通路、NF-κB经典通路、电压门控Na+离子通道、TRP通道及其他通路发挥镇痛作用,不仅可以抑制炎症介质的产生和释放,减轻疼痛感,也可以调节离子通道的活性和抑制痛觉传导来产生镇痛效果。而中药复方在镇痛方面一直有着良好的治疗效果。因此,本文针对临床中常见的热点问题总结了目前最新中药镇痛机制及药理学研究进展,并对中药复方的临床应用和前景进行综述与展望,为中医药镇痛在临床上的应用提供参考,也为新药的研发和中医药特色诊疗方法的应用提供新思路。Pain often occurs in daily life and clinical practice,and timely treatment of pain can effectively improve the cure rate of the disease.The analgesic drugs used at this stage mainly act on the central nervous system,but this kind of analgesic drugs will lead to a certain degree of dependence.Chinese medicine analgesia is a traditional treatment method,and the active ingredients of the commonly used analgesic Chinese medicines can be divided into four categories:alkaloids,flavonoids,coumarins and active polysaccharides,which play an analgesic role through the MAPK/p38 signaling pathway,the NF-κB classical pathway,voltagegated Na+ion channels,TRP channels and other pathways,and not only can inhibit the production and release of inflammatory mediators to reduce the pain.They play analgesic effects through MAPK/p38 signaling pathway,NF-κB classical pathway,voltage-gated Na+channel,TRP channel and other pathways,which can not only inhibit the production and release of inflammatory mediators to reduce pain,but also regulate the activity of ion channels and inhibit nociceptive conduction to produce analgesic effects.And Chinese medicine compound always had a good therapeutic effect in analgesia.Therefore,this paper summarizes the latest research progress on the mechanism and pharmacology of Chinese medicine analgesia for the common hot issues in clinic,and reviews and prospects the clinical application and prospect of Chinese medicine compound,which can provide reference for the application of Chinese medicine analgesia in clinic,and also provide new ideas for the research and development of new medicines and the application of the characteristic diagnostic and therapeutic methods of Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：镇痛 中药 药理学 活性成分 作用靶点 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]