马克思劳动生产率概念的文本阐释与逻辑建构--基于《相对剩余价值的生产》篇的考察  

Textual Interpretation and Logical Construction of Marx's Concept of Labor Productivity--Based on the Examination of the Chapter“The Production of Relative Surplus Value”

作　　者：徐国松[1] 黄堃 Xu Guosong;Huang Kun(School of Marxism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830017,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学马克思主义学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《学术探索》2024年第11期79-85,共7页Academic Exploration

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(20&ZD056)。

摘　　要：在《相对剩余价值的生产》篇中,马克思从劳动时间和劳动强度、劳动者的技艺和劳动工具、自然力和自然科学、绝对剩余价值和相对剩余价值四个方面深入系统地阐释了劳动生产率概念,呈现出劳动生产率的丰富内涵。同时,马克思以协作、工场手工业和机器大工业为历史路径构建了劳动生产率的价值逻辑,沿着劳动价值论、剩余价值论和相对剩余价值论的思维行程建构了劳动生产率的理论逻辑。在此基础上,马克思进一步阐明,劳动生产率的发展必将冲破资本主义私有制这一限制社会生产力发展的桎梏,获得广阔的发展空间。In the chapter“Production of Relative Surplus Value”in Capital,Marx expounded in detail the process of the establishment and development of the capitalist mode of production,and expounded the method of capitalists to produce relative surplus value by increasing labor productivity,that is,under the condition that the length of the working day remains unchanged or even shortened,the surplus labor time is relatively extended by shortening the necessary labor time,so as to increase the rate of surplus value.Through his exposition and analysis of the transformation of the capitalist mode of production,Marx criticized the essence of capitalism's exploitation of wage labor by increasing labor productivity,and pointed out that the capitalist application of technology would eventually lead to the collapse of the capitalist system.

关 键 词：马克思 劳动生产率 相对剩余价值 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]