Drinking water safety improvement and future challenge of lakes and reservoirs  

湖库水量增加和水质改善显著提升了饮用水安全

作　　者：Yunlin Zhang Jianming Deng Yongqiang Zhou Yibo Zhang Boqiang Qin Chunqiao Song Kun Shi Guangwei Zhu Xuejiao Hou Yinjun Zhang Shiwen He R.Iestyn Woolway Na Li 张运林;邓建明;周永强;张毅博;秦伯强;宋春桥;施坤;朱广伟;侯雪娇;张般俊;贺诗文;R.Iestyn Woolway;李娜

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China [2]Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China [3]University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China [4]School of Geospatial Engineering and Sciences,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China [5]China National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Beijing 100012,China [6]School of Ocean Sciences,Bangor University,Anglesey LL572DG,UK

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2024年第22期3558-3570,共13页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3204100);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41930760 and 42271120);the Industry Prospect and Key Core Technology Project of Jiangsu Province(BE2022152);RIW was supported by the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council(NERC):Independent Research Fellowship(NE/T011246/1)。

摘　　要：To meet the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)target 6.1,China has undertaken significant initiatives to address the uneven distribution of water resources and to enhance water quality.Since 2000,China has invested heavily in the water infrastructure of numerous reservoirs,with a total storage capacity increase of 4.704×1011m3(an increase of 90.8%).These reservoirs have significantly enhanced the available freshwater resources for drinking water.Concurrently,efforts to improve water quality in lakes and reservoirs,facilitated by nationwide water quality monitoring,have been successful.As a result,an increasing lakes and reservoirs are designated as centralized drinking water sources(CDWSs)in China.Among the 3441 CDWSs across all provinces,40.8%are sourced from lakes and reservoirs,32.6%from rivers,and 26.6%from groundwater in 2023.Notably,from 2016 to 2023,the percentage of lakes and reservoirs categorized as CDWSs has increased consistently across all 29 provinces.This progress has enabled561.4 million urban residents to access improved drinking water sources in 2022,compared to 303.4 million in 2004.Our findings underscore the pivotal role of water infrastructure construction and water quality improvement jointly promoting lakes and reservoirs as vital drinking water sources.Nevertheless,the nationwide occurrence of algal blooms has surged by 113.7%from the 2000s to the 2010s,which is a considerable challenge to drinking water safety.Fortunately,algal blooms have been markedly alleviated in past four years.However,it is still crucial to acknowledge that lakes and reservoirs face the challenges of algal blooms,and associated toxic microcystin and odor compounds.

关 键 词：Drinking water Lake and reservoir Harmful algal blooms Water quality Water clarity 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程] X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]