迈向育种5.0:智能品种的智能培育  

Towards Breeding 5.0:Smart variety by intelligent breeding

作　　者：余泓 白世伟[1] 李家洋 Hong Yu;Shiwei Bai;Jiayang Li(Yazhouwan National Laboratory,Sanya 572024,China;Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]崖州湾国家实验室,三亚572024 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第32期4687-4690,共4页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：崖州湾国家实验室2023基本科研项目;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA24030504);海南省院士创新平台科研专项资助

摘　　要：粮食安全一直是世界人口增长面临的最严峻挑战.1927年世界人口首次达到20亿,2022年突破80亿.在这100年人口的快速增长背后,育种技术的快速发展以及作物单产的大幅提高起到了决定性的支撑作用^([1,2]).根据联合国数据,预计2050年世界人口将达到97亿,现有粮食增长率将无法满足人口增长的需求^([3]),函需下一代的育种革命进一步提升粮食产量,那么下一代育种技术核心是什么呢?Food security is the most serious challenge for the growing world's population all the time.The world's population for the first time exceeded 2 billion in 1927,reached 8 billion in 2022,and will increase to 9.7 billion in 2050.The current growth rate of food productivity is insufficient to meet the demand for the world population growth.Meanwhile,we are facing new challenges in agriculture,such as global warming,more frequent extreme weather of droughts,floods,extreme low and high temperatures,the continuous growth of population,and the shortage of arable land and fresh water resources,all of which have put forward new requirements for the cultivation of a next generation of agricultural varieties.Due to the speeding advances in basic research in biology and other related disciplines since entering the 2oth century,the breeding technologies have undergone rapid development with four generations,including domestication,hybrid breeding,molecular breeding,and breeding by design,all of which have significantly increased worldwide crop yield to ensure food security.

关 键 词：粮食产量 粮食安全 世界人口增长 作物单产 育种技术 增长率 

分 类 号：S330[农业科学—作物遗传育种]