江苏省2023年核医学放射工作人员职业健康调查分析  

Investigation of occupational health of nuclear medicine radiation workers in Jiangsu Province,China,2023

作　　者：陈维[1] 吴士豪 魏鑫荻 范向勇[1] 周媛媛[1] 缪雨季 顾叶青 王津晗[3] 夏智利 张子豪 王进[1] CHEN Wei;WU Shihao;WEI Xindi;FAN Xiangyong;ZHOU Yuanyuan;MIAO Yuji;GU Yeqing;WANG Jinhan;XIA Zhili;ZHANG Zihao;WANG Jin(Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210009 China;Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166 China;Department of Radiobiology,Institute of Radiation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Tianjin 300192 China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009 [2]南京医科大学,江苏南京211166 [3]中国医学科学院放射医学研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2024年第5期542-548,共7页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：外照射个人监测实验室质量控制技术规范(BZ2023-Q001);江苏省职业健康科研项目(JSZJ20232201);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2021-I2M-1-042);江苏省医学重点学科(ZDXK202249);河南省辐射生物与辐射流行病学医学重点实验室开放课题(HNRBEKF202405)。

摘　　要：目的依据中国医学科学院放射医学研究所在全国开展的中国核医学放射工作人员健康效应研究方案,对江苏省核医学放射工作人员基本情况和职业健康情况调查分析,了解职业照射对核医学放射工作人员健康状况的影响,为加强核医学放射工作人员的职业防护、降低职业性放射性健康损害的风险提供依据。方法采用普查的方法,收集江苏省内核医学放射工作人员的一般情况和职业健康检查等资料,分析不同性别、年龄、工龄等的核医学放射工作人员体检指标异常情况,评价其职业放射暴露的健康效应。结果收集江苏省内76家医疗机构472名核医学工作人员的职业健康检查资料。结果显示:女性甲状腺功能减退异常检出率(8.90%)较男性(2.54%)更高(P=0.028);随着工龄增长,眼晶状体浑浊和白细胞计数持续降低的检出率呈现上升趋势(P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归显示,放射工龄是眼晶状体浑浊和白细胞计数持续降低的危险因素(OR=1.59,95%CI=(1.40~3.35),P=0.0003;OR=4.15,95%CI=(3.11~29.91),P=0.0001)。另外,放射工龄也是高血压、脂肪肝和肿瘤的危险因素(OR=2.28,95%CI=(1.51~3.47),P=8.76×10-5;OR=1.69,95%CI=(1.10~2.58),P=0.0145;OR=2.04,95%CI=(1.00~4.16),P=0.0469)。结论从事核医学相关工作可能增加多种放射相关疾病的风险,且受工龄等因素影响。Objective To investigate the basic situation and occupational health conditions of nuclear medicine radiation workers in Jiangsu Province based on the research protocol developed by the Institute of Radiation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for the nationwide study on the health effects of nuclear medicine radiation in China,under-stand the impact of occupational radiation on the physical health of nuclear medicine radiation workers,and provide a basis for improving the occupational protection of nuclear medicine radiation workers and reducing the risk of occupational radi-ation-related health issues.Methods A census approach was used to collect general data and occupational health informa-tion of nuclear medicine radiation workers in Jiangsu Province.The analysis focused on the abnormalities in physical exam-ination indicators among radiation workers of different genders,ages,and working years to evaluate the health effects of oc-cupational radiation exposure.Results The occupational health examination data of 472 nuclear medicine radiation work-ers were collected from 76 medical institutions in Jiangsu Province.The results showed that the detection rate of abnormal hypothyroidism in female workers(8.90%)was higher than that in male workers(2.54%)(P=0.028).With increasing work-ing years,the detection rates of cataract and continuous decrease in white blood cell count increased(P<0.001).The mul-tivariate logistic regression identified working years as a risk factor for cataract and continuous decrease in white blood cell count(OR=1.59,95%CI=1.40-3.35,P=0.0003;OR=4.15,95%CI=3.11-29.91,P=0.0001).In addition,working years was also a risk factor for hypertension,fatty liver,and tumor(OR=2.28,95%CI=1.51-3.47,P=8.76×10−5;OR=1.69,95%CI=1.10-2.58,P=0.0145;OR=2.04,95%CI=1.00-4.16,P=0.0469).Conclusion The study found that working in nuclear medicine could increase the risk of various radiation-related diseases,and the risk is influenced by factors such as working years.

关 键 词：核医学 放射工作人员 职业健康检查 电离辐射 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]