基于目标间隔时间的高速铁路客站设计分析  

Design Analysis of High-speed Railway Stations Based on Target Interval Time

作　　者：李潇 LI Xiao(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,China;Shaanxi Railway and Underground Traffic Engineering Key Laboratory(FSDI),Xi'an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043 [2]陕西省铁道及地下交通工程重点实验室(中铁一院),西安710043

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2024年第11期18-24,共7页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划课题(K2018X014);中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司科研开发课题(院科19-05,院科18-68)。

摘　　要：列车间隔时间是衡量铁路运输能力的重要指标,以压缩间隔时间、提高高峰小时服务频率为目标,通过编制标准图集,并利用牵引计算软件仿真,系统分析咽喉区长度、侧向通过速度及工程设置对间隔时间的影响;到达间隔时间是限制接发车能力的关键,与咽喉区长度呈线性关系;侧向通过速度在低于80 km/h时对间隔时间影响显著;工程设置对咽喉区长度的展长系数为1.17~1.21。道岔选型、站外纵坡优化、进站前速度控制是压缩间隔时间的有效措施;咽喉区采用18号道岔较12号道岔可压缩到达间隔时间约30 s;车站纵坡宜按照“凸形坡”设计,采用20‰坡度、10 km坡段长时,可压缩到达间隔时间46.9 s;对于350 km/h高铁,进站前采用200 km/h限速可压缩到达间隔时间87.2 s,实现高铁系统能力的最大均衡。车站到发线数量与咽喉区长度应与目标间隔时间相匹配;在采用速度控制时,高速铁路客站可实现4 min到达间隔,尽端式车站到发线数量可按不超过8条设计,贯通式车站可按不超过15条设计;当不采用速度控制时,高速铁路客站可实现5 min到达间隔,尽端式车站到发线数量可按不超过6条设计,贯通式车站可按不超过12条设计。The train interval time is an important indicator of railway transportation capacity.With an aim to reduce interval times and increase service frequency during peak hours,this study compiled standard drawings and utilized traction calculation software for simulation.It systematically analyzed the influence of throat area length,lateral passing speed,and engineering configurations on interval times.The results showed that arrival interval time was a key factor limiting train dispatch capacity and was linearly related to throat area length.The lateral passing speed significantly affected interval time when below 80 km/h.The elongation coefficient of engineering configuration for the throat area length was approximately 1.17~1.21.Switch selection,optimization of external longitudinal slopes,and speed control before station entry were effective measures for reducing interval times.Using No.18 switch instead of No.12 switch in the throat area reduced the arrival interval time by about 30 s.The longitudinal slope of the station should be designed as a convex slope with a gradient of 20‰and a slope segment length of 10 km,which could compress the arrival interval time by 46.9 s.For high-speed trains operating at 350 km/h,a speed limit of 200 km/h before station entry could compress the arrival interval time by 87.2 s,maximizing the balanced capacity of the high-speed railway system.The number of station arrival/departure lines should match the target interval time and the throat area length.With speed control,high-speed railway stations could realize a 4 min arrival interval,with a maximum of 8 lines for terminal stations and 15 lines for through stations.Without speed control,high-speed railway stations could achieve a 5 min arrival interval,with a maximum of 6 lines for terminal stations and 12 lines for through stations.

关 键 词：高速铁路 铁路客站 间隔时间 咽喉区长度 道岔选型 站外纵坡 进站前速度控制 到发线数量 

分 类 号：U238[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U291.6