CO_(2)环境中碳钢的腐蚀产物垢下腐蚀及缓蚀剂研究进展  

Research Progress on the Corrosion under the Scale of Corrosion Products of Carbon Steel in CO_(2) Environment and Its Corrosion Inhibitors

作　　者：宋洁 张静[1,2] SONG Jie;ZHANG Jing(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《材料保护》2024年第11期62-72,共11页Materials Protection

摘　　要：在含CO_(2)的油气田环境中,添加缓蚀剂是抑制垢下腐蚀最为有效、切实可行的方法,缓蚀剂的作用效果不仅取决于其自身结构性质,还会受到管道内腐蚀产物垢的影响。针对已有腐蚀产物垢覆盖的碳钢,从腐蚀产物和缓蚀剂2个方面出发,概述腐蚀产物对垢下腐蚀的影响、缓蚀剂对垢下腐蚀的抑制效果以及缓蚀剂与腐蚀产物垢间的相互作用机理。目前研究发现腐蚀产物的组成及分布情况有差异时,垢下腐蚀的作用机制也不相同,腐蚀产物堆积对垢下腐蚀不仅有促进作用还可能有抑制作用。一些缓蚀剂由于垢层的阻塞导致缓蚀剂较少接触到金属基体,难以发挥缓蚀效果,或者缓蚀剂过多吸附在垢层表面,引起更严重的局部腐蚀;也有缓蚀剂能与腐蚀产物垢以填补孔隙、化学吸附、键合形成杂化结构等方式,发生良好的正向协同作用,对垢下腐蚀起到有效抑制。最后,对垢下腐蚀未来的研究方向进行了展望,利用腐蚀产物的自然形成来减缓腐蚀,开发可以产生腐蚀产物-缓蚀剂混合结构的缓蚀剂,或利用缓蚀剂与腐蚀产物的协同效应为碳钢提供更好的保护效果。In the environment of CO_(2)-containing oil and gas fields,the addition of corrosion inhibitors was the most effective and practical method to inhibit corrosion under the scale.The effect of corrosion inhibitors depended not only on their own structural properties,but also on the scale of corrosion products in pipelines.For the carbon steel covered by existing corrosion products,the influence of corrosion products,the inhibition effect of corrosion inhibitors and the interaction mechanism between the two were summarized in items of corrosion products and corrosion inhibitors aspects.Studies had found that when the composition and distribution of corrosion products varied,the mechanism of corrosion under the scale also changed,and the accumulation of corrosion products not only promoted corrosion under the scale but may also inhibit it.Some corrosion inhibitors were blocked by the scale layer,which resulted in less contact with the metal matrix and made it difficult to exert the corrosion inhibition effect.Alternatively,too much corrosion inhibitor was adsorbed on the surface of the scale layer,causing more serious local corrosion.There were also corrosion inhibitors that could interact well with corrosion product scale by filling pores,chemical adsorption,bonding to form hybrid structures,etc.,thus effectively inhibiting corrosion under the scale.Finally,the future research directions of corrosion under the scale were prospected,including using the natural formation of corrosion products to slow down corrosion,developing corrosion inhibitors that could produce a mixed structure of corrosion products and corrosion inhibitors,or using the synergistic effect of corrosion inhibitors and corrosion products to provide better protection for carbon steel.

关 键 词：垢下腐蚀 缓蚀剂 腐蚀产物 协同作用 机理 

分 类 号：TG174.42[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]