面向汛期道路突发事件的多阶段应急资源动态调度方法  

A Multi-Stage Emergency Resource Dynamic Scheduling Method for Road Emergencies in Flood Season

作　　者：马帅豹 张健钦 沈博 文政 高翔森 邹瑞萌 MA Shuai-bao;ZHANG Jian-qin;SHEN Bo;WEN Zheng;GAO Xiang-sen;ZOU Rui-meng(School of Surveying and Urban Spatial Information,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 102616,China;Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市102616 [2]北京市测绘设计研究院,北京市100038

出　　处：《公路》2024年第11期236-245,共10页Highway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“面向城市交通综合治理的多源交通流模式挖掘及智能模拟评价方法”,项目编号42371416。

摘　　要：为提高汛期道路突发事件应急资源调度的效率和合理性,针对汛期道路突发事件的特点,提出一个基于多阶段的“多事件点-多队伍驻点-多应急资源类型”的应急资源动态调度模型,救援第一阶段以最小化调度时间为目标并满足各突发事件点的需求来进行突发事件应急处置初期的资源调度,根据突发事件的动态发展过程和应急救援效果来判断后续资源调度的具体需求,后续阶段在其基础上增加最大化装备效用目标来进行事件处置的后续调度,直至满足各事件点的救援处置需求。最后以北京市为研究区域,将模型应用到北京市汛期道路突发事件应急处置调度中,并使用Lingo求解器对模型进行求解,得到多阶段的资源调度方案,研究结果表明,使用该模型得到的调度结果与各事件点的资源需求量接近,能够满足汛期情况下多个道路突发事件的应急资源合理分配,验证了模型和算法的可靠性,并具有较好的灵活性和可拓展性,为汛期道路突发事件的资源调度提供了决策方法支持。In order to improve the efficiency and rationality of emergency resource scheduling for road emergencies during the flood season,a multi-stage emergency resource dynamic scheduling model is proposed based on the characteristics of road emergencies during the flood season.The first stage of rescue aims to minimize scheduling time and meet the needs of each emergency point to carry out resource scheduling in the early stage of emergency response.Based on the dynamic development process of emergencies and the effectiveness of emergency rescue,the specific needs are determined for subsequent resource scheduling.In the subsequent stages,the goal of maximizing equipment utility is increased on this basis to carry out subsequent scheduling of event disposal until the rescue disposal needs of each event point are met.Finally,taking Beijing as the research area,the model is applied to the emergency response and scheduling of road emergencies during the flood season in Beijing.The Lingo solver is used to solve the model and obtain a multi-stage resource scheduling plan.The research results show that the scheduling results obtained by the model are close to the resource requirements of each event point,and could meet the reasonable allocation of emergency resources for multiple road emergencies during the flood season.The reliability of the model and algorithm has been verified and with good flexibility and scalability,which has provided decision method support for resource scheduling of road emergencies during flood season.

关 键 词：道路应急处理 应急资源调度 汛期 多事件点 多阶段调度 多目标优化 动态调度 

分 类 号：U491.123[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]