毛竹纤维束活性炭的制备及其对苯酚的吸附  

Preparation of activated carbon from bamboo fiber bundles and its adsorption of phenol

作　　者：王怡清 林枫 刘瑜霏 王新洲 王志国 王海燕 许斌 WANG Yiqing;LIN Feng;LIU Yufei;WANG Xinzhou;WANG Zhiguo;WANG Haiyan;XU Bin(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;College of Light Industry and Food Engineering,Nanjing 210037,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,南京210037 [2]南京林业大学轻工与食品学院,南京210037 [3]南京工业大学化工学院,南京211816

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2024年第6期44-51,共8页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32371974)。

摘　　要：苯酚是一种高毒污染物,广泛存在于石油、涂料、造纸、聚合物和制药等行业的工业废水中,因此,开发一种具有高吸附性能的活性炭以提升水质十分重要。以经过高温饱和蒸汽处理后生态分离出的竹纤维束作为原料,对其进行炭化,再用氢氧化钠活化制备竹纤维束活性炭。分析了炭化时间(0.50~1.50 h)、炭化温度(300~400℃)、竹碱比(1∶1.0~1∶4.0)在800℃活化1 h的情况下,对竹纤维束活性炭性能的影响。采用比表面积及孔径分析仪、扫描电镜及能谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱等技术对活性炭结构进行表征。研究发现,对炭化时间和温度进行优化后,即可获得微孔占比87%以上的活性炭;比表面积随碱添加量的增加而增加。在350℃下炭化0.75 h后,以竹碱比1∶4.0在800℃活化1 h,能够获得最高比表面积的活性炭BFAC-TC-4,比表面积达2817.00 m^(2)/g,总孔体积为1.6157 mL/g,且微孔占比达94.89%,碘吸附值可达2769.88 mg/g。在室温下,活性炭对质量浓度为200 mg/L的苯酚废水吸附容量可达297 mg/g,吸附过程符合拟二级动力学模型,并且在10 min内就可以完成对苯酚的吸附。As society progresses,environmental pollution issue has increasingly garnered attention.Phenol is a highly toxic pollutant,commonly found in industrial wastewater from petroleum,paint,paper,polymer and pharmaceutical industries.It is poorly biodegradable and highly toxic to the environment and the human body.Therefore,it is crucial to develop activated carbon with superior adsorption capabilities to enhance water quality.In this study,bamboo fiber bundles separated after high-temperature saturated steam treatment were used as raw materials.These bamboo fiber bundles were carbonized and then activated with sodium hydroxide to prepare bamboo fiber activated carbon(BFAC).The effects of carbonization time(0.50-1.50 h),carbonization temperature(300-400 ℃),and bamboo alkali ratio(1∶1.0-1∶4.0) on the performance of bamboo fiber bundles were investigated with activation at 800 ℃ for 1 h.Specific surface area and pore size were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to characterize the structure of activated carbon.It was found that the bamboo fiber activated carbon with more than 87% of microspores could be obtained after optimizing the carbonization time and temperature.The specific surface area of bamboo fiber bundle activated carbon peaked at 0.75 h of carbonization time and 350 ℃ of carbonization temperature,showing a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing.The specific surface area increased with the addition of alkali within the range studied.The results showed that the highest specific surface area of activated carbon BFAC-TC-4 could be obtained after 0.75 h of carbonization at 350 ℃ and 1 h of activation at 800 ℃ with bamboo alkali ratio as 1∶4.0.The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) specific surface area reached 2 817.00 m~2/g,with the total pore volume of 1.615 7 mL/g and the microporosity of 94.89%.Additionally,the high specific surface area and the high percentage of micropores resulted in an iodine adsorptio

关 键 词：活性炭 高温饱和蒸汽处理 竹纤维束 炭化 两步法活化 

分 类 号：S781.9[农业科学—木材科学与技术]