不同配置结构绿地对大气颗粒物的削减和人体舒适度的影响  

Impact of Green Spaces with Different Configuration Structures on the Reduction of Atmospheric Particulate Matter and Human Comfort

作　　者：陈思颖 玉米提·哈力克[1] 李惠玲 符文涛 史磊 CHEN Siying;HALIK müt;LI Huiling;FU Wentao;SHI Lei(College of Ecology and Environment,MOE Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;Shandong Jianzhu University,School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生态与环境学院,绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]山东建筑大学建筑城规学院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《湖南生态科学学报》2024年第4期41-48,共8页Journal of Hunan Ecological Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项——上海合作组织科技伙伴及国际科技合作计划项目(2023E01026)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究城市绿地配置结构与居民健康关系,为区域绿地规划提供理论依据。【方法】通过对乌鲁木齐市燕儿窝风景区内三种大气颗粒物浓度的监测,分析四种不同配置结构的城市绿地对大气颗粒物的削减作用,通过综合舒适度指标,量化城市居民对该区域的绿地体感舒适度。【结果】(1)一天中各时段内,路边绿地和林内绿地上空大气颗粒物浓度分布呈浅V形,且路边绿地的三种颗粒物浓度均大于林内绿地上空,其中,路边的PM 10的浓度明显高于其他颗粒物浓度;(2)不同配置结构对颗粒物的平均削减率不同,其中草地结构对颗粒物的削减能力最弱,仅为7.57%,其次是乔-草结构和乔-灌结构,分别为8.93%和10.74%,而乔-灌-草结构对颗粒物的削减能力最强,为18.04%,削减效率是其他几种配置削减能力的两倍;(3)草地和监测区L的人体舒适感最低,表现为不舒适(Ⅳ),其次是乔-灌和乔-草结构,表现为较为舒适(Ⅲ),而“乔-灌-草”结构下的人体舒适感最高,表现为很舒适(Ⅰ)。【结论】城市绿地的配置结构对大气颗粒物浓度的削减、人体舒适感都有一定影响。具体表现为植物种类越丰富、空间结构越复杂,对大气颗粒物的削减能力越强,人体舒适感也越高。因此,在城市公园建设中,应注重构建和优化绿地植物群落,以提高其对大气颗粒物的削减能力,考虑不同绿地配置结构对人体舒适度的影响,以提高居民的生活质量和身心健康。【Objective】It is to investigate the relationship between urban green space configuration structure and population health,and to provide theoretical basis for regional green space planning.【Method】By monitoring the concentrations of three kinds of atmospheric particulate matter in Yan erwo Scenic Area in Urumqi City,we have analyzed the role of four kinds of urban green spaces with different configuration structures in reducing atmospheric particulate matter,and quantify the physical comfort of urban residents to the green spaces in the area through the comprehensive comfort index.【Result】(1)The distribution of atmospheric particulate matter concentrations over the roadside green space and the forested green space at various times of the day showed a shallow V shape,and the concentrations of all three types of particulate matter in the roadside green space were greater than those over the forested green space,with the concentration of PM 10 in the roadside being significantly higher than that of the other particulate matter concentrations;(2)The average reduction rates of different configurations for particulate matter were different,among which the grass structure had the weakest reduction ability for particulate matter with only 7.57%,followed by tree-grass structure and tree-shrub structure with 8.93%and 10.74%respectively,while the tree-shrub-grass structure had the strongest reduction ability for particulate matter with 18.04%,which was twice as efficient as the reduction capacity of other configurations;(3)Grass and monitoring area L had the lowest human comfort,which was uncomfortable(Ⅳ),followed by tree-shrub and tree-grass structures,which were more comfortable(Ⅲ),and“tree-shrub-grass”structure had the highest human comfort,which was very comfortable(Ⅰ).【Conclusion】The configuration structure of urban green space has a certain influence on the reduction of atmospheric particulate matter concentration and human comfort,which is specifically manifested in the fact that the richer t

关 键 词：绿地配置 大气颗粒物 人体舒适度 乌鲁木齐 燕儿窝风景区 

分 类 号：Q98[生物学—人类学] S73[农业科学—林学]