高产优质冬瓜新品种‘丰源1号’的选育及其栽培技术  

Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of‘Fengyuan No.1’as a High-Yield and High-Quality New Variety of Benincasa hispida

作　　者：谭建军[1] 旷碧峰[1] 胡国平 向晓阳[1] 蒋可 颜军 刘小安[1] 韩蓉 唐锷[1] TAN Jianjun;KUANG Bifeng;HU Guoping;XIANG Xiaoyang;JIANG Ke;YAN Jun;LIU Xiao’an;HAN Rong;TANG E(Hengyang Vegetable Research Institute,Hengyang Defengyuan Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳市蔬菜研究所,衡阳市德丰源种业有限责任公司,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《湖南生态科学学报》2024年第4期85-90,共6页Journal of Hunan Ecological Science

基　　金：国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系衡阳综合试验站(CARS-23-G-30)、衡阳市蔬菜科技创新专家工作站、衡阳市德丰源种业有限责任公司专家工作站专项资金支助。

摘　　要：【目的】针对当前地方冬瓜(Benincasa hispida)品种中生产存在整齐度不高,抗性弱及其转色慢的问题,需选育产量高,整齐度一致,品质优的地方冬瓜新品种。【方法】以自交系KT107为母本,自交系KT206为父本配制而成冬瓜一代杂种——‘丰源1号’,并对其生长特性与栽培技术展开研究。【结果】‘丰源1号’冬瓜表现为中熟特性,主蔓与侧蔓均可结瓜,连续坐果能力强,通常在18节左右出现首节雌花。果实长柱形,果皮墨绿色,果腔小,果肉紧实,商品性好,品质佳,单瓜重11.8 kg左右,平均每667 m^(2)产量6900 kg左右。通过培育健壮幼苗、科学实施肥水管理、人工辅助授粉、强化病虫害综合防控措施及适时采收等,可有效保障‘丰源1号’冬瓜的高产与优质。【结论】通过相关对比试验和品质鉴定等方法分析,‘丰源1号’冬瓜具有产量高,抗性强,适应性广,品质优等特点,适宜在湖南及相似地区进行栽培种植。【Objective】Aiming at the issues of low uniformity,weak resistance,and slow coloration in current local wax gourd(Benincasa hispida)varieties,there is a need to breed a new local wax gourd variety with high yield,consistent uniformity,and superior quality.【Method】‘Fengyuan No.1’,a new F1 hybrid wax gourd variety,was developed by crossing the inbred line KT107 as the female parent with the inbred line KT206 as the male parent.Furthermore,research was conducted on its growth characteristics and cultivation techniques.【Result】‘Fengyuan No.1’exhibited medium maturity,with both main and lateral vines capable of fruit setting and strong continuous fruit-bearing ability.The first female flower node typically appeared at around the 18th node.The fruit was long cylindrical with dark green skin,a small fruit cavity,and firm flesh,resulting in good commodity and excellent quality.The average fruit weight was approximately 11.8 kg,and the average yield per 667 m^(2) was around 6900 kg.By cultivating robust seedlings,scientifically implementing fertilizer and water management,conducting artificial pollination,strengthening comprehensive pest control measures,and harvesting at the appropriate time,the high yield and quality of‘Fengyuan No.1’wax gourd can be effectively guaranteed.【Conclusion】Based on comparative experiments and quality evaluations,‘Fengyuan No.1’wax gourd demonstrates high yield,strong resistance,wide adaptability,and superior quality.It is suitable for cultivation in Hunan and similar regions.

关 键 词：‘丰源1号’ 冬瓜 一代杂种 选育 栽培技术 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学] Q949.3[农业科学—园艺学]