全生物降解地膜在辣椒生长上的应用效果研究  

Study on the Application Effect of Fully Biodegradable Plastic Film on Pepper Growth

作　　者：李洁 邹颖韧 罗萌 李燕凌[1] 郑井元[1] LI Jie;ZOU Yingren;LUO Meng;LI Yanling;ZHENG Jingyuan(Hunan Vegetable Research Institute,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省蔬菜研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南生态科学学报》2024年第4期91-97,共7页Journal of Hunan Ecological Science

基　　金：湖南省蔬菜产业技术体系;湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2024CX89)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明全生物降解地膜覆盖在辣椒生产上的应用效果。【方法】以普通聚乙烯(PE)膜覆盖、无覆盖栽培为对照,监测全生物降解地膜覆盖对辣椒栽培过程中土壤温度和湿度的影响,并比较普通膜覆盖与全生物降解地膜覆盖下辣椒形态指标、光合参数以及辣椒产量的变化,观测生物地膜的降解情况。【结果】全生物降解地膜对土壤的增温保湿效果与PE膜相比没有显著差异,在中午的增温效果优于PE膜,PE膜覆盖和降解地膜覆盖的辣椒产量分别高于无地膜覆盖下的辣椒产量6.48%、5.73%;全生物降解地膜易撕裂,降解诱导期为70 d,覆膜后6个月进入碎裂期,不会有残膜堆积,不用进行回收。【结论】使用全生物可降解地膜对土壤的增温保湿效果以及在辣椒的生长发育、产量方面与普通PE膜效果相当,但能减少地膜残留及人工回收成本。【Objective】It is to investigate the application effect of fully biodegradable plastic film covering in pepper production.【Method】Using the common polyethylene(PE)film mulching and non-mulching cultivation as controls,the effects of fully biodegradable plastic film mulching on soil temperature and humidity changes,as well as pepper morphological indicators,photosynthetic parameters,and yield during pepper cultivation were monitored.The degradation of biological film was also observed.【Result】There was no significant difference in the warming and moisturizing effect of fully biodegradable plastic film on soil compared to PE film.The warming effect at noon was better than that of PE film.The pepper yields under PE film mulching and biodegradable plastic film mulching were 6.48%and 5.73%higher,respectively,than those without plastic film mulching.The fully biodegradable plastic film was prone to tearing,with a degradation induction period of 70 days and a rupture period of 6 months after mulching.No residual film was accumulated,which means no need for recyding.【Conclusion】The use of fully biodegradable film has a similar effect on the soil temperature increasing and humidity retention,pepper growth and yield as ordinary PE film,but it can reduce film residue and manual recycling costs.

关 键 词：全生物降解地膜 辣椒 土壤温湿度 辣椒产量 降解时期 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学] Q94[农业科学—园艺学]