不同复配基质对八仙花生长和观赏性状的影响  

Effects of Different Mixed Substrates on the Growth and Ornamental Traits of Hydrangea macrophylla

作　　者：朱婷婷 黄晖 陈海霞[1] 蒋辉[1] ZHU Tingting;HUANG Hui;CHEN Haixia;JIANG Hui(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Miluo Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Miluo 414400,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]汨罗市农业农村局,湖南汨罗414400

出　　处：《湖南生态科学学报》2024年第4期104-110,共7页Journal of Hunan Ecological Science

基　　金：湖南省教育厅重点项目(22A0142)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究将按照不同比例混合的腐熟鸡粪和椰糠用于制作八仙花栽培基质的可行性。【方法】采用盆栽试验,以泥炭土和珍珠岩为对照(CK),添加不同比例的腐熟鸡粪和椰糠,设计3种不同复配基质,探究复配基质对八仙花生长、花萼养分含量和观赏性状的影响。【结果】添加了不同混合比例的腐熟鸡粪和椰糠的3种复配基质,其容重在0.15~0.17 g/cm^(3)之间,总孔隙度在46.37%~55.34%之间,pH在5.62~5.85之间,EC值在149.95~245.00μS/cm之间,其理化性质在八仙花生长所需的适宜范围内。在添加腐熟鸡粪和椰糠的基质中,八仙花株高、冠幅、茎粗等生长指标,花萼养分含量,花序数量、花冠直径和花青素含量等观赏性状指标均显著高于对照。相关性分析表明,影响八仙花生长和观赏性状的复配基质的主要理化性质因素依次为EC、速效钾、碱解氮和有机质。隶属函数分析表明,M1基质配方(泥炭土∶珍珠岩∶椰糠∶腐熟鸡粪=4∶1∶4∶1)最适合八仙花的栽培。【结论】混合添加腐熟鸡粪和椰糠制作复配基质用于八仙花栽培是可行的,其通过改善复配基质的理化性质,促进了八仙花的生长,提高了八仙花的观赏价值,且在本研究中,其最适添加比例为腐熟鸡粪∶椰糠=1∶4。【Objective】It is to exploring the feasibility of using fermentation chicken manure and coconut coir mixed in different ratios to create a cultivation substrate for Hydrangea macrophylla.【Method】A pot experiment was conducted using peat soil and perlite as a control(CK).Three different substrate formulations were created by adding varying proportions of fermentation chicken manure and coconut coir.The effects of these substrates on the growth,calyx nutrient content,and ornamental traits of H.macrophylla were evaluated.【Result】Three types of mixed substrates with different ratios of fermentation chicken manure and coconut coir were added.The bulk density ranged between 0.15 and 0.17 g/cm^(3),the total porosity between 46.37%and 55.34%,the pH value between 5.62 and 5.85,and the EC value between 149.95 and 245.00μS/cm,all of which fell within the optimal range for the growth of H.macrophylla.The substrates improved plant height,canopy width,stem diameter,calyx nutrient content,inflorescence number,corolla diameter,and anthocyanin content compared to the control.Correlation analysis indicated that the key physicochemical properties influencing the growth and ornamental traits of H.macrophylla were EC,available potassium,alkaline nitrogen,and organic matter.Membership function analysis revealed that the M1 substrate formulation(peat∶perlite∶coconut coir∶fermentation chicken manure=4∶1∶4∶1)was most suitable for the cultivation of H.macrophylla.【Conclusion】It is feasible to use a mixed substrate made by combining fermentation chicken manure and coconut coir for the cultivation of H.macrophylla.This mixture improves the physicochemical properties of the substrate,promotes the growth of H.macrophylla,and enhances its ornamental value.In this study,the optimal mixing ratio was found to be fermentation of chicken manure∶coconut coir=1∶4.

关 键 词：八仙花 复配基质 腐熟鸡粪 椰糠 花卉栽培 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学] S688.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]