基于资源特性的广义共享储能建模与拍卖机制研究  

Research on generalized shared energy storage modeling and auction mechanism based on resource characteristics

作　　者：张紫涛 高赐威[1] 宋梦 王佳颖 陆春光 石坤 ZHANG Zitao;GAO Ciwei;SONG Meng;WANG Jiaying;LU Chunguang;SHI Kun(School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University,Nanjing 210018,China;State Grid Zhejiang Marketing Service Center,Hangzhou 311121,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学电气工程学院,江苏南京210018 [2]国网浙江省电力有限公司营销服务中心,浙江杭州311121 [3]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《供用电》2024年第12期23-32,共10页Distribution & Utilization

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(5400-202319244A-1-1-ZN)。

摘　　要：可再生能源发电技术为应对传统能源的紧张供应提供了有力支撑,但其波动较大,具有不可预测的随机性和不稳定性,从而导致电力系统稳定性、灵活性控制能力大大下降。为解决该类问题,可在电力系统中调用储能、可控负荷等灵活性资源。与此同时,储能设备投资成本较高的问题使储能的发展遭遇瓶颈,共享储能模式可以减少储能投建容量,提高设备利用率,但目前共享储能买卖双方的交易机制尚不成熟,且在交易过程中未考虑不同储能资源:空调、5G基站及电动汽车的资源特性。因此,首先从储能资源特性出发,分别建立锂电池、空调、5G基站及电动汽车的储能模型;接着采用闵可夫斯基求和的方式对不同资源的约束空间叠加,进而建立聚合储能模型,便于各类储能资源以储能资源聚合商的形式参与共享储能交易;之后设计基于双向组合拍卖的储能交易机制,储能聚合商以其日内收益最大为优化目标,结合各资源特性约束设计投标策略参与到交易中来;最后通过算例验证该模型与机制设计有利于储能聚合商将资源技术特性和经济特性进行有效结合,并保护用户隐私、改善社会福利、完善广义共享储能交易机制研究。Renewable energy generation technology provides strong support for coping with the tight supply of traditional energy,but its fluctuations are large,with unpredictable randomness and instability,resulting in a significant decrease in the stability and flexibility control capabilities of the power system.In order to solve this problem,flexible resources such as energy storage and controllable load can be used in the power system.At the same time,the high investment cost of energy storage equipment has caused bottlenecks in the development of energy storage.The shared energy storage model can reduce the capacity of energy storage investment and improve equipment utilization.However,the trading mechanism between the buyer and seller of shared energy storage is not yet mature,and the resource characteristics of different energy storage resources such as air conditioning,5G base stations,and electric vehicles have not been considered in the trading process.Therefore,starting from the characteristics of energy storage resources,energy storage models for lithium batteries,air conditioning,5G base stations,and electric vehicles are established separately;then,the Minkowski summation method is used to superimpose the constraint spaces of different resources,and an aggregation energy storage model is established to facilitate the participation of various energy storage resources in shared energy storage transactions in the form of energy storage resource aggregators;afterwards,design an energy storage trading mechanism based on bidirectional combinatorial auctions,where energy storage aggregators optimize their daily returns and design bidding strategies to participate in the transaction,taking into account the constraints of various resource characteristics;finally,the model and mechanism design were verified through numerical examples to be beneficial for energy storage aggregators to effectively combine resource technology characteristics and economic characteristics,protect user privacy,improve social welfare,and enhan

关 键 词：广义储能 共享储能 拍卖机制 聚合模型 闵可夫斯基求和 

分 类 号：TM71[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]