山梨与中华猕猴桃种间杂交群体的抗病性评价及抗病机制的研究  

Evaluation of disease resistance and research of resistance mechanism of kiwifruit hybrid population derived from Actinidia rufa and Actinidia chinensis var.chinensis

作　　者：贺迪 钟彩虹[2] 朱佳慧 潘慧[2] 李文艺 杨洁 黄跃 刘普[1] 李黎[2] HE Di;ZHONG Caihong;ZHU Jiahui;PAN Hui;LI Wenyi;YANG Jie;HUANG Yue;LIU Pu;LI Li(School of Horticulture,Anhui Agricultural University/Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China;Wuhan Botanic Garden/Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture/Engineer-ing Laboratory for Kiwifruit Industrial Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学园艺学院·园艺作物品质生物学安徽省重点实验室,合肥230036 [2]中国科学院武汉植物园·中国科学院植物种质创新与特色农业重点实验室·中国科学院猕猴桃产业技术工程实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第11期2235-2249,共15页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2022YFD1400200);湖北省第四批现代农业产业技术体系专项(2023HBSTX4-08);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BBA0076);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-26);植物基因组学国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLPG2016A-18)。

摘　　要：[目的]细菌性溃疡病是猕猴桃产业面临的毁灭性病害,筛选抗性猕猴桃种质资源,可为抗病育种与品种改良奠定基础。[方法]利用离体枝条接种的方法,连续两年对山梨63101与中华猕猴桃磨山雄7号杂交群体进行溃疡病抗性鉴定;选取19份抗病性存在差异的种质,进一步采用石蜡切片法和扫描电镜技术观察叶片组织结构与气孔特征,并测定叶片中总酚、可溶性糖、木质素含量等,筛选与溃疡病抗病显著相关的指标。[结果]84份种质资源中含抗病种质67份(占比79.76%)、耐病13份(占比15.48%)、感病3份(占比3.57%)、高感1份(占比1.19%)。相关性分析表明叶片的海绵组织厚度、气孔密度和长度与抗病性呈显著负相关,总酚、可溶性糖及木质素含量与抗病性呈极显著正相关。气孔宽度、上表皮厚度、下表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度与枝条抗病性不相关。[结论]筛选出67份抗病种质资源,证实叶片海绵组织厚度、气孔密度、气孔长度、木质素含量、可溶性糖含量、总酚含量等6个指标可作抗性评价指标,为猕猴桃品种的抗病杂交选育及快速抗性鉴定奠定了基础。【Objective】Kiwifruit is highly appreciated by consumers because of its delicious taste and high nutritional value.Although the global kiwifruit industry has grown rapidly in recent years,it is still facing the great challenge of bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa).The disease can cause large scale death of kiwifruit because of its fast transmission and strong pathoge-nicity,leading to serious yield and economic losses in many countries and limiting the development of the kiwifruit industry.Utilization of resistant kiwifruit cultivars has always been recognized as the most cost-effective and environment-friendly strategy for disease control,but there still is a lack of knowl-edge about the disease resistance of different cultivars.The analysis of the resistance of different kiwi-fruit germplasms to bacterial canker and the correlation between different evaluation indexes are of great significance to breeding new kiwifruit varieties resistant to the disease.【Methods】The kiwifruit germplasm resources used in this study are the hybrid populations of Actinidia rufa×A.chinensis var.chinensis in the National Kiwifruit Resource Nursery,with consistent ploidy and tree age.Psa M228 was provided by the laboratory of Pathogen Biology and the Research Team of Integrated Control of Fruit Tree Diseases,Northwest A&F University,China.Psa was diluted to 1.0×10^(9) CFU·mL^(-1) before inoculation.The one-year old detached branches,approximately 0.8 cm in diameter,were sterilized with 75%alcohol and then cut into 12-14 cm,the ends of the branches were dipped in candle wax to re-duce dehydration.A wound of about 3 mm was made and Psa was added to the wound.Subsequently,all of the branches were put on a draining board on which two layers of sterile absorbent paper had pre-viously been placed.The lower tray was filled with sterile water close to the bottom of the draining board,and another two layers of sterile absorbent paper were placed over the cane pieces.The germ-plasms with differences in

关 键 词：猕猴桃 溃疡病 种质资源 抗性评价 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学] S436.634[农业科学—园艺学]