几种杀菌剂对猕猴桃多主棒孢菌的毒力及田间药效测定  

Toxicity of several fungicides against Corynespora cassiicola and the field efficacy in the control of kiwifruit brown spot

作　　者：汪军 徐菁 朱宇航 姚凯凯 杨锐 陈稳 陈华保[1] 马苗苗 龚国淑[1] WANG Jun;XU Jing;ZHU Yuhang;YAO Kaikai;YANG Rui;CHEN Wen;CHENG Huabao;MAO Miaomiao;GONG Guoshu(College of Agriculture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China;Sinochem Agricuiture Holdings,Beijing 100031,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,成都611130 [2]中化现代农业有限公司,北京100031

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第11期2347-2357,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2021YFN0120)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选出防治猕猴桃褐斑病的有效药剂。[方法]采取菌丝生长速率法及孢子萌发抑制法测定了9种原药对多主棒孢菌菌丝生长及分生孢子萌发的毒力,继而依据毒力结果选择复配药剂进行室内毒力及田间病害药效的测定。[结果]戊唑醇、吡唑醚菌酯、苯醚甲环唑对病菌菌丝生长毒力较强。戊唑醇及肟菌酯对病菌孢子萌发毒力较强。复配药剂中,氟唑菌酰胺·吡唑醚菌酯对病菌菌丝生长毒力抑制较强。田间药效试验中,氟唑菌酰胺·吡唑醚菌酯与氟吡菌酰胺·肟菌酯效果明显,交替使用此种复配药剂在四川省不同种植区对褐斑病的防治效果均能在80.00%以上。[结论]推荐氟唑菌酰胺·吡唑醚菌酯和氟吡菌酰胺·肟菌酯用于猕猴桃褐斑病的防治。【Objective】The study aimed to screen out effective fungicide for controlling kiwifruit brown spot disease.【Methods】The toxicity of nine primary chemical fungicides against Corynespora cassiicola were measured by mycelial growth rate and conidial germination inhibition methods.The compound fungicides were selected according to the toxicity of different fungicides to determine the toxicity to mycelia and field control efficacy.【Results】The toxicity of tebuconazole,pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole to the mycelial growth of C.cassiicola was the highest,and their EC50 values were 10.81,11.69 and 12.48µg·mL-1,respectively.The carbendazim and pyraclostrobin had low toxicity to mycelial growth,and their EC50 values were 35.19 and 41.85µg·mL^(-1),respectively.The toxicity of tebu-conazole and trifloxystrobin to conidial germination was the highest,and their EC_(50) values were 8.33 and 8.50µg·mL^(-1),respectively.The toxicity of difenoconazole,azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin was medium,with the EC50 values of 12.69,14.60,and 15.89µg·mL^(-1),respectively.The toxicity of carben-dazim and boscalid was lower,with the EC50 values of 33.65 and 40.35µg·mL^(-1),respectively.Based on the results of these primary chemical fugicides,as well as the field investigation on fungicides using,we selected some primary fugicides with better inhibitory effects on C.cassiicola in the laboratory,and chose the compound fungicides containing these primary fugicides as the test agents.Among the eight compound fungicides,the toxicity of fluzoxammide-pyraclostrobin to the mycelial growth of C.cassiic-ola was the highest.When the concentration was 1µg·mL^(-1),fluzoxammide-pyraclostrobin had the best inhibitory effect,but only reached 63.45%,and the others were all lower than 50%.When the concentra-tion was 10µg·mL^(-1),the inhibitory effect of fluzoxammide-pyraclostrobin on mycelium was still the highest,and the inhibitory rate reached 88.59%.The inhibitory effects of the difenoconazole-trifloxys-trobin and fluriramide-tri

关 键 词：猕猴桃褐斑病 多主棒孢菌 毒力 药剂筛选 田间防效 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学] S436.634[农业科学—园艺学]