牛体外胚胎慢速冷冻效果探究  

Exploration of Slow Freezing Effects on Bovine in Vitro Embryos

作　　者：张逸松 张依 王鸽 郭济源 朱凯 刘光磊 Zhang Yisong;Zhang Yi;Wang Ge;Guo Jiyuan;Zhu Kai;Liu Guanglei(Hebei Pinyuan Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang,050000,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]河北品元生物科技有限公司,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《中国畜禽种业》2024年第11期77-85,共9页The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding

基　　金：高健康盈利指数荷斯坦牛自主选育关犍技术研究(23329901L);石家庄市种业科技创新团队项目(232500482A)。

摘　　要：该研究旨在探究不同质量等级卵母细胞发育形成的胚胎及其在不同发育阶段进行慢速冷冻的适应性,并评估其冷冻后的发育效果,进而提高胚胎利用率,减少资源浪费并降低成本。该试验通过活体采卵技术采集197头供体牛,共获得3681个卵丘-卵母细胞复合体(Cumulus oocyte complexes, COCs),其中平均每头奶牛获得18.69枚COCs,随后,依据卵母细胞的外观质量鉴定标准,将这些COCs划分为4个等级。接着,对不同等级的COCs分别开展体外成熟、体外受精以及体外培养等相关操作,以此来评价体外胚胎慢速冷冻所产生的效果。结果表明:1级卵母细胞的卵裂率、囊胚率显著高于其他级别(P<0.05)。1级卵母细胞形成的囊胚和扩张囊胚发育率显著高于早期囊胚(P<0.05)。2级卵母细胞在3个发育阶段的胚胎发育率无显著差异(P>0.05),但其早期囊胚发育率显著高于其他等级(P<0.05)。3级、 4级卵母细胞发育的胚胎解冻发育率显著低于其他2个等级(P<0.05)。从发育阶段来看,囊胚和扩张囊胚的发育率显著高于早期囊胚(P<0.05),但囊胚与扩张囊胚之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。可见,选择1~3级的卵母细胞进行培育可提高整体卵裂率和囊胚率,选择扩张囊胚进行冷冻可提高慢速冷冻胚胎的发育率。The study aims to explore the development of embryos formed by oocytes of different quality levels and their adaptabilityto slow freezing at different stages of development, and evaluate their development effects after freezing, thereby improving embryoutilization, reducing resource waste and reducing costs. In this test, 197 donor cows were collected through the Ovum Pick-Up technique,and a total of 3681 Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained, of which an average of 18.69 COCs were obtainedper cow. Subsequently, these COCs were divided into 4 levels based on the appearance quality identification standards of oocytes.Then, relevant operations such as in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization, and in vitro culture were carried out on different levels of COCs to evaluate the effect of slow freezing of embryos in vitro. The results showed that: The cleavage rate and blastocyst rate ofgrade 1 oocytes were significantly greater than those of other grades (P < 0.05). The development rates of blastocysts and expandedblastocysts formed by grade 1 oocytes were significantly greater than those of early blastocysts (P < 0.05). There was no significantdifference in the embryo development rate of grade 2 oocytes at three developmental stages (P > 0.05), but the early blastocystdevelopment rate was significantly higher than that of other grades (P < 0.05). The thawed embryo development rate of grade 3 andgrade 4 oocytes was significantly lower than that of the other two grades (P < 0.05). The developmental rates of blastocysts andexpanded blastocysts were significantly greater than those of early blastocysts (P < 0.05), but there was no significant differencebetween blastocysts and expanded blastocysts (P > 0.05). It can be seen that the selection of 1 ~ 3 grade oocytes for cultivation canimprove the overall cleavage rate and blastocyst rate, and the selection of expanded blastocysts for freezing can improve thedevelopment rate of slow-freezing embryos.

关 键 词：慢速冷冻 卵母细胞 发育率 胚胎发育阶段 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]