澳大利亚畜禽育种政策的演变及对我国的启示  

The Evolution of Australian Livestock and Poultry Breeding Policy and its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：李泽钰 严风 彭华 董晓霞[2] 李立望 Li Zeyu;Yan Feng;Peng Hua;Dong Xiaoxia;Li Liwang(Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing,102206;Agricultural Information Institute of CAAS,Beijing,100081)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院,北京102206 [2]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国畜禽种业》2024年第11期149-156,共8页The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding

基　　金：中国农业科学院农业信息研究所基本科研业务费专项资金(JBYW-AII-2024-37);农业农村部政府购买服务项目(19240914,19233006)。

摘　　要：澳大利亚发达的畜牧业离不开对畜禽种业的重视及完善的法律法规体系,澳大利亚从国家层面制定了《牲畜(人工育种)法》、《生物安全法》和《基因技术法》等法规,在地方层面昆士兰州和北部领地也制定了具有地方特色的法规。在这些法律法规的支持下,相关研究机构不断创新生物育种技术,推动动物育种产业由政府主导向企业主导转型,在政府的引导下,相关行业协会联合科研机构和企业推动相关育种技术在产业中应用。本文对澳大利亚畜禽育种政策的演变进行了详细的研究梳理,深入分析了澳大利亚动物育种立法实践效果,建议我国借鉴澳大利亚的经验,完善法律法规体系,推动畜禽育种科技创新、产业转型以及相关育种技术在生产中的应用。Australia's prosperous livestock industry is predicated on a strong emphasis on animal breeding and a robust legal framework.The country has enacted national laws such as the "Stock<Artificial Breeding>," "Biosecurity Act," and "Gene TechnologyAct," complemented by local regulations in Queensland and the Northern Territory that reflect regional specificities. These lawssupport continuous innovation in biotechnological breeding by research institutions, facilitating a shift in the animal breeding industryfrom government-led to enterprise-led initiatives. With government guidance, industry associations, research bodies, and businessescollaborate to apply breeding technologies within the industry. This paper meticulously examines the evolution of Australia'sanimal breeding policies and analyzes the practical outcomes of its legislation, recommending that China draw on Australia's experienceto enhance its legal system, foster technological innovation in animal breeding, promote industrial transformation, and integratebreeding technologies into production.

关 键 词：澳大利亚 畜禽种业 育种 政策法规 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]