盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液在眼科临床中的应用  

Research progress on the application of oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drops in ophthalmology

作　　者：毛欢(综述) 甘小亮(审校)[1] MAO Huan;GAN Xiaoliang(State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science,Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山眼科中心,眼病防治全国重点实验室,广东省眼科视觉科学重点实验室,广东省眼部疾病临床医学研究中心,广州510060

出　　处：《眼科学报》2024年第11期563-570,共8页Eye Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(8157080247)。

摘　　要：大部分眼科手术/操作具有创伤小、疼痛刺激轻等特点,因此,选择眼表面麻醉即可满足手术的镇痛的需要,促进了眼科日间手术的广泛开展。其中,盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液是常用的眼科表面麻醉剂,具有麻醉起效迅速、镇痛作用强、持续时间久(约13 min)等特点,已经广泛应用在眼内手术中,在使用过程中,盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液对瞳孔及血管无影响,保证了眼内手术的安全。盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液能提供良好的眼表环境,对角膜厚度及角膜上皮厚度影响轻微,从而满足屈光手术的需要。此外,盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液能提供良好的术后镇痛,减少术后镇痛药物的使用,降低斜视术后患儿的躁动发生率。不含防腐剂的表面麻醉剂不影响麻醉剂的起效时间及镇痛效果,对眼表的影响轻微,从而创造良好的手术操作环境,提高手术效果,降低并发症和手术风险,是眼科手术中较为理想的表面麻醉药物。文章就盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液的作用机制及麻醉效果、药代动力学、临床疗效、安全性等进行综述。Most ophthalmic surgeries are characterized by small incisions and mild pain,therein,the choice of topical anesthesia can meet the needs of surgeries and accelerate ophthalmic surgeries to be conducted in day surgery model.0.4%oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drops is one of commonly used topical anesthetics for ophthalmic surgery,which has the characteristics of rapid onset and sufficient analgesia with long duration(about 13 minutes).Oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drops has been widely and safely used in intraocular surgery without affecting the pupil and blood vessels.Meanwhile,oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drops has negligible effects on corneal thickness and corneal epithelial thickness to meet the needs of refractive surgery.In addition,oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drops can provide sufficient postoperative analgesia,reduce the use of postoperative analgesics and the incidence of emergence agitation in children after strabismus surgery.The preservative-free topical anesthetic would be one of ideal topical anesthetics as it can provide a good surgical condition and reduce complications and risks of post-operative infections without changing the onset time and analgesia effects.This article provides a review of the mechanism,analgesia,pharmacokinetics,clinical efficacy,and safety profiles of 0.4%oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drops.

关 键 词：盐酸奥布卡因 滴眼液 表面麻醉 眼科手术 术后镇痛 

分 类 号：R971.2[医药卫生—药品] R779.6[医药卫生—药学]