不同产量水平橡胶林土壤微生物群落组成及多样性研究  

Composition and Diversity of Soil Microbial Community in Soil of Rubber Plantations with Different Yield Levels

作　　者：詹杉 吴敏[1,2] 马海洋 王桂花[1,2] 林琛茗 茶正早 王大鹏[1,2] ZHAN Shan;WU Min;MA Haiyang;WANG Guihua;LIN Chenming;CHA Zhengzao;WANG Dapeng(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Danzhou Soil Environment of Rubber Plantation,Hainan Observation and Research Station,Danzhou,Hainan 571737,China;South Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Nutrition of Hainan Province,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101 [2]儋州橡胶林土壤环境海南省野外科学观测站,海南儋州571737 [3]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所/海南省热带作物营养重点实验室,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第12期2646-2658,共13页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(No.322QN411);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2024YFD2300900);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(No.1630022024022)。

摘　　要：本研究选取不同产量水平(高产、中产、低产和死皮)的橡胶林,基于高通量测序技术分析土壤微生物群落组成、多样性及其与土壤理化性质的关系,以期为橡胶林土壤改良提供科学依据。结果表明:从4种产量水平橡胶林的土壤样本中共鉴定出17门、53纲、99目、164科、305属、385种细菌种类,获得2116个OTUs。共有的细菌优势门类为酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)。共获得1622个真菌OTUs,分属17门、49纲、113目、242科、424属、644种,其中担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)为优势真菌门类。随着橡胶树产量水平的降低,土壤细菌群落丰富度呈下降趋势,但多样性指数无明显变化;真菌Ace指数、Chao1指数呈增加趋势,Shannon指数显著增加,Simpson指数显著降低,表明随着产量水平的下降,橡胶林土壤真菌群落的丰富度和多样性均上升。主坐标(PCoA)分析表明,细菌或真菌群落结构在不同产量水平橡胶林间均存在显著差异。此外,优势菌门的相对丰度也存在不同程度的差异,土壤微生物群落特征与土壤pH和C/N等理化因子密切相关。RDA分析表明,土壤pH、速效钾和全氮是影响细菌优势门类的主要土壤理化因子,真菌优势菌门则主要受土壤pH、速效钾和碳氮比的影响。In this study,the microbial community was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology in the soil of rubber plantation with different yield levels(high yield,middle yield,low yield and none yield),and relationship between microbial community and soil physical and chemical properties was also studied.A total of 2116 bacteria OTUs were obtained from all examined samples,which belonged to 17 phyla,53 classes,99 orders,164 families,305 genera and 385 species.The dominant phyla of bacterial community were Acidobacteria,Proteobacteria and Firmicutes.A total of 1622 fungal OTUs were obtained from all soil samples,which belonged to 17 phyla,49 classes,113 orders,242 families,424 genera and 644 species.The dominant phyla of fungal community were Basidiomycota,Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota.The abundance of soil bacteria community showed a downward trend was observed with the decreasing of the yield level of rubber trees,while the difference of bacterial diversity index was not significant.Ace index and Chao1 index of soil fungi showed an upward trend,and Shannon index significantly increased,while the Simpson index decreased significantly,indicating that the richness and diversity of fungal community increased with the decreasing of the yield level.Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)showed that the community structure of soil bacteria or fungi was significantly different under the treatments.In addition,the relative abundance of dominant bacterial phyla also varied to different degrees.The characteristics of soil microbial community were closely related to soil pH and C/N.According to redundancy analysis(RDA)results,soil pH,available potassium and total nitrogen were the main soil physical and chemical factors affecting the dominant bacterial phyla,while the dominant fungal phyla were mainly affected by soil pH,available potassium and C/N.

关 键 词：橡胶林 砖红壤 微生物群落 多样性 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S154.36[农业科学—林学]