巴西橡胶树胶乳底部成分中影响胶乳凝固的脂质成分分析  

Analysis of Lipids Affecting Latex Coagulation in the Bottom Frac-tions of the Latex of Hevea brasiliensis

作　　者：代龙军[1] 杨洪[1] 郭冰冰 刘明洋 王立丰[1] DAI Longjun;YANG Hong;GUO Bingbing;LIU Mingyang;WANG Lifeng(Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops/Rubber Research Institute/Chinese Academy of Tropical Agri-cultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第12期2709-2718,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(No.322RC785);国家自然科学基金项目(No.31870577)。

摘　　要：巴西橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)胶乳底部成分生物膜(包括黄色体和Frey-Wyssling复合体)的生物化学组成(膜脂与膜蛋白)变化可能影响排胶过程中的胶乳凝固和乳管切口的堵塞速度,进而阻止排胶并降低产量。本研究旨在发现底部成分中影响胶乳稳定性/凝固速度的脂质种类。选取胶乳快速凝固和正常速度凝固2种橡胶树,采用液质联用技术(正、负离子2种检测模式),对2种胶乳底部成分的脂质进行定性和定量分析,获得差异脂质信息。正常排胶树胶乳底部成分中,磷脂酰乙醇胺是丰度最高的甘油磷脂亚类(负离子模式下约占总脂的22%,正离子模式下约占总脂的5.9%),高于磷脂酰胆碱(正离子模式下约12%,负离子模式下约4%);磷脂酸有较高丰度(正离子模式下约4%,负离子模式下约12%),与磷脂酰胆碱相当;心磷脂在底部成分中丰度较高(约6%,负离子模式),可能存在于Frey-Wyssling复合体中。胶乳易凝橡胶树底部成分心磷脂显著下降(降至约3.4%,负离子模式)。底部成分的磷脂占比在31%~56%之间,中性脂占35%~54%,糖脂仅占1%~2%。底部成分存在丰度和数量较高的非双层磷脂,即磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酸和心磷脂,显示胶乳底部成分的高度动态性质。易凝胶乳心磷脂的大幅下调可能影响底部成分的稳定性,进而影响胶乳凝固、乳管堵塞和排胶。本研究关于底部成分高丰度非双层磷脂的发现,为胶乳凝固、乳管堵塞机制的研究提供新视角。The bottom fraction of the latex from the Brazilian rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis),specifically the biological membranes that includes lutoids and the Frey-Wyssling complex,may undergo changes in its membrane lipids and membrane proteins.The changes could affect the coagulation rate of the latex during the tapping process and the speed of blockage of the incision of the latex vessels,thereby preventing the flow of latex and reducing yield.Two types of rubber trees with rapid and normal coagulation rates of latex were selected.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology(with both positive and negative ion detection modes)was used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the lipids in the bottom fraction of the two types of latex,obtaining information on differential lipids.In the bottom fraction of the latex from trees with normal coagulation rates,phosphatidylethanolamine was the most abundant phospholipid subclass(accounting for about 22%of total lipids in negative ion mode and about 5.9%in positive ion mode);it was greater than phosphatidylcholine(about 12%in positive ion mode and about 4%in negative ion mode);phosphatidic acid had a high abundance(about 4%in positive ion mode and about 12%in negative ion mode),comparable to phosphatidylcholine;cardiolipin was abundant in the bottom fraction(about 6%in negative ion mode)and may be present in the Frey-Wyssling complex.In the rubber trees prone to rapid coagulation,cardiolipin in the bottom fraction significantly decreased to about 3.4%in negative ion mode.The phospholipids in the bottom fraction accounted for 31%-56%,neutral lipids 35%-54%,and glycolipids only 1%-2%.The bottom fraction contained a high abundance and quantity of non-bilayer phospholipids,namely phosphatidylethanolamine,phosphatidic acid,and cardiolipin,showing a highly dynamic nature of the latex bottom fraction.The significant downregulation of cardiolipin in the latex prone to rapid coagulation may affect the stability of the bottom fraction,thereby affecting latex coagulation,latici

关 键 词：巴西橡胶树 胶乳底部成分 Frey-Wyssling复合体 脂质 心磷脂 

分 类 号：S59[农业科学—作物学]