外科重症监护室噪声的现况调查  

Current status of noise in the surgical intensive care unit

作　　者：于雪姣 张玲玲 孙妞妞 余豪如 张晓辉 YU Xuejiao;ZHANG Lingling;SUN Niuniu;YU Haoru;ZHANG Xiaohui(Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学护理学院,河南省洛阳市471000

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2024年第12期1843-1847,共5页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的调查外科重症监护室(ICU)的噪声现状。方法2023年3月14—20日使用声级计对洛阳市某三级甲等医院外科ICU开放式大病房、单间病房、床旁、各类监护仪器等有声设备进行噪声测量。结果外科ICU开放式大病房全天噪声平均水平最高为61.9±4.4 dBA,最低为59.6±4.0 dBA,高于低限标准10~20 dBA。单间病房无患者时噪声平均为43.5±1.7 dBA,符合低限标准;有患者时平均水平为53.5±5.7 dBA,高于低限标准5~15 dBA;单间病房噪声平均值低于开放式大病房。开放式大病房及单间病房各班次中多以A班(08:00—16:00)噪声平均值最高,N班(24:00—08:00)平均值最低。心电监护仪发出的噪声平均为61.5±5.3 dBA,微量泵噪声平均值为69.2±7.7 dBA,呼吸机发出的噪声平均值为69.2±6.9 dBA,洗手池噪声的平均值为58.8±2.9 dBA,均高于低限标准10~30 dBA;层流系统噪声的平均值为43.2±1.6 dBA,符合低限标准。结论外科ICU单间病房的基础噪声符合低限标准,对减弱大病房对其噪声影响有积极作用;开放式大病房噪声均值高于患者床旁且噪声波动较大,其及单间病房多以A班(08:00—16:00)次噪声均值最高;在有声设备中,层流系统的噪声符合低限标准,其对整个病区的声环境影响很小,心电监护仪等监护设备发出的噪声对开放式大病房的声环境有较大影响,需要引起重视并改善。Objective To investigate the current status of noise in the surgical intensive care unit(ICU).Methods From March 14 to 20,2023,noise measurements were conducted using a sound level meter in the open ward,single patient rooms,bedside areas,various monitoring instruments,and other acoustic equipment in the surgical ICU of a tertiary Grade A hospital in Luoyang.Results The average noise level in the open ward of the surgical ICU throughout the day was 61.9±4.4 dBA at the highest and 59.6±4.0 dBA at the lowest,which was 10~20 dBA higher than the lower limit standard.In single patient rooms,the average noise level without patients was 43.5±1.7 dBA,meeting the lower limit standard.When occupied by patients,the average level rose to 53.5±5.7 dBA,,which was 5~15 dBA higher than the lower limit standard.The average noise level in single patient rooms was lower than that in the open ward.In the open ward and single patient rooms,the average noise level during Shift A(08:00—16:00)was mostly the highest,while the average during Shift N(24:00—08:00)was the lowest.The average noise level from the ECG monitor was 61.5±5.3 dBA,69.2±7.7 dBA for the micro pump,69.2±6.9 dBA for the ventilator,and 58.8±2.9 dBA for the washbasin,all of which were 10~30 dBA higher than the lower limit standard.The average noise level of the laminar flow system was 43.2±1.6 dBA,which met the lower limit standard.Conclusion The basic noise in the single patient rooms of the surgical ICU meets the lower limit standard,which positively contributes to reducing the noise impact from the open ward.The average noise level in the open ward is higher than that at the patients'bedside and exhibits greater fluctuations.In the open ward and single patient rooms,the average noise level during Shift A(08:00—16:00)was mostly the highest.Among the acoustic equipment,the noise from the laminar flow system meets the lower limit standard,having a minimal impact on the overall sound environment of the unit.However,the noise generated by monitoring devices,s

关 键 词：外科 重症监护室 噪声 声环境 监护设备 报警疲劳 现况 调查 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]