2型糖尿病患者运动自我管理行为现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Exercise Selfmanagement Behavior in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

作　　者：冯苏文 赵春艳[2] 许方蕾[3] 张丽亚[3] FENG Suwen;ZHAO Chunyan;XU Fanglei;ZHANG Liya(Department of Geriatrics Medicine,Tongji Hospital of Tongji University,Shanghai 200065,China;Department of Nursing,Shanghai East Hospital,Shanghai 200092,China;Department of Nursing,Tongji Hospital of Tongji University,Shanghai 200065,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属同济医院老年医学科,上海200065 [2]上海市东方医院护理部,上海200092 [3]同济大学附属同济医院护理部,上海200065

出　　处：《糖尿病新世界》2024年第18期5-9,13,共6页Diabetes New World

基　　金：上海市护理学会立项课题(2020MS-B12);同济大学附属同济医院院级课题(GJPY2241)。

摘　　要：目的调查2型糖尿病患者运动自我管理行为现状并探讨其影响因素。方法选取2022年9—12月上海市东方医院、同济大学附属同济医院、上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院、海南省东方市东方医院4家综合性医院以及上海市泥城、方松、九亭和车墩4家社区卫生服务中心收治的516名2型糖尿病患者为研究对象。进行问卷调查,采用单因素分析、相关性分析和多元线性回归分析筛选运动自我管理行为的影响因素。结果516名2型糖尿病患者运动自我管理运动得分为(55.27±12.75)分,多元线性回归分析结果显示,职业类型为离职或学生、工作状况为无业、不清楚所在地区运动支持政策与服务、接受糖尿病运动健康教育、对运动的喜爱程度、家族史、糖化血红蛋白值、运动锻炼、胰岛素治疗、运动健康信念中的行动线索和自我效能维度进入回归方程(P均<0.05),共同解释2型糖尿病患者运动自我管理行为总变异的48.0%。结论2型糖尿病患者的运动自我管理行为处于中等偏低水平,亟需进一步干预以促进提高,职业类型、工作状态、糖尿病运动教育、所在地区运动支持政策和服务、对运动的喜爱程度、病程、家族史、糖化血红蛋白值、治疗方式和运动健康信念等是运动自我管理行为的影响因素。Objective To investigate the status quo of exercise self-management behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and explore its influencing factors.Methods A total of 516 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Shanghai East Hospital,Tongji Hospital of Tongji University,Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Dongfang Hospital,Dongfang City,Hainan Province,4 general hospitals in Dongfang Hospital of Hainan Province and 4 community health service centers in Nicheng,Fangsong,Jiuting and Chedun of Shanghai from September to December 2022 were selected as the research objects.Conduct a questionnaire survey.Single factor analysis,correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to screen the influencing factors of sports self-management behavior.Results The exercise self-management score of 516 patients with type 2 diabets millitus was(55.27±12.75)points.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that occupational type was resignation or student,the working status was unemployed,not knowing the sports support policy and service in the region,receiving diabetes sports health education,love degree of sports,family history,glycated hemoglobin A1c value,exercise,insulin treatment,action cues in sports health beliefs and self-efficacy dimensions were entered into the regression equation(all P<0.05),which jointly explained 48.0%of the total variation in exercise selfmanagement behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion The exercise self-management behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is at a moderate and low level,and further intervention is needed to improve it.Occupational type,working status,exercise education,exercise support policies and services in the region,love degree of exercise,disease course,family history,HBA1c value,treatment style and exercise health belief were the influencing factors of exercise self-management behavior。

关 键 词：2型糖尿病 自我管理 运动 横断面调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]