西施的“他者”困境——女性主义视域下两岸中国歌剧中西施人物形象的比较分析  

Xi Shi's“the Other”Dilemma:A Comparative Analysis of the Character Image of Xi Shi in Cross-strait Opera from the Perspective of Feminism

作　　者：林吴峻民 LINWU Junmin(School of Arts,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,China)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学艺术学院,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《集美大学学报（哲社版）》2024年第6期65-75,共11页Journal of Jimei University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：西施传说是中华民族优秀的民间传说之一,在长期的流转过程中,产生了大量异文,展现了时空的广延性、结构的开放性、内涵的多重性、风骨的民族性特征。两岸同根同源、同文同宗,在大力发展中国歌剧的民族化和本土化创作中都将目光聚焦在西施传说,扎根中国传统文化,借鉴中国传统音乐美学,尝试重塑被封建父权物化的“西施”形象,为中国歌剧赋予当代社会文化意义。本研究试图在女性主义视域下,运用戏剧行动素模式理论,通过文本分析法、曲式分析法来详述两岸2部中国歌剧《西施》所塑造的“西施”人物形象,不仅横向对比两者之间的差异,并将其放置在“西施”人物形象历史嬗变中进行纵向考察,发现两岸中国歌剧在探索民族化和本土化创作中,深受不同地域文化发展的影响,“西施”既是爱国主义的符号,又是爱情主义的傀儡,却始终未能突破女性形象的“他者”困境,呈现出波伏娃所提出的“第二性”——被构建的女性。The legend of Xi Shi is one of the excellent folk legends of the Chinese nation.In the course of circulation,it has a large number of variant texts,with a wide range of time,open structures,multiple connotations,and national characteristics.The two sides of the Taiwan Straits share the same root and culture.In their vigorous nationalization and localization of Chinese opera,they have focused on the legend of Xi Shi rooted in traditional Chinese culture.By employing traditional Chinese music,they aim to reshape the objectified image of Xi Shi by feudal patriarchy,giving contemporary social and cultural significance to Chinese opera.This paper attempts to use the Actantial Model from a feminist perspective to elaborate on the Xi Shi image portrayed in the two operas Xi Shi through text analysis and musical form analysis.It not only horizontally compares the differences between the two,but also vertically examines them in the historical evolution.It is found that cross-strait operas are deeply influenced by regional cultures in the course of nationalizing and localizing artistic works.Xi Shi is both a symbol of patriotism and a puppet of love,but has never been able to break through“the other”dilemma of female images.She is a still second sex proposed by Beauvoir—a constructed woman.

关 键 词：西施 女性主义 中国歌剧 戏剧行动素理论 

分 类 号：J64[艺术—音乐]