普速列车硬卧车厢新型布局设计  

New layout design of hard sleeper carriage in regular speed train

作　　者：刘国闯 张芳燕[1] 张磊[2,3] 郭佳佳 于世杰 LIU Guochuang;ZHANG Fangyan;ZHANG Lei;GUO Jiajia;YU Shijie(School of Art,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384;Tianjin Key Laboratory For Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学艺术学院,天津300384 [2]天津理工大学天津市先进机电系统设计与智能控制重点实验室,天津300384 [3]天津理工大学机电工程国家级实验教学示范中心,天津300384

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第9期171-176,共6页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：教育部高等教育司“人因与工效学”产学合作协同育人项目(CES/Kingfar202309LH19)。

摘　　要：为提升普速列车硬卧车厢乘客舒适性及安全性,根据乘客坐姿、高处行李放置及上下爬梯3种姿势的人机场景,以及人机工程软件Jack的仿真分析结果,发现现有25G型硬卧车厢存在无法满足中、上铺乘客坐姿休息、行李架与爬梯易用性和安全性较差等问题;结合TRIZ理论中物理冲突、技术冲突及物质-场模型的对应解工具确定设计改进方案,对改进方案进行人机合理性及仿真分析校核。改进后,中铺和上铺乘客起坐空间高度增大,高处行李放置区域高度减小,可满足不同百分位乘客中、上铺坐姿及个人行李放置需求;乘客上下爬梯的踏板视野盲区及RULA舒适度评分等级减小,爬梯过程中的铺位扶手可达性及上肢舒适性得到提升。To improve comfort and safety of passengers in hard sleeper compartment of regular speed train,the human-machine scenario of passengers’sitting posture,luggage placement in high places and climbing stairs,as well as the simulation analysis results from the ergonomic software Jack,it was found that the 25G hard sleeper compartment could not meet the sitting rest of passengers in the middle and upper berth.The ease of use and safety of luggage racks and climbing stairs were poor.The design improvement scheme was determined based on the corresponding problem-solving tools of physical conflict,technical conflict and matter-field models in TRIZ.Man-machine rationality and analysis were carried out to check the improved scheme.The improved hard sleeper compartment increased the height of middle and upper berth sitting space,and reduced the height of the upper baggage storage area,meeting the requirements of the passengers at different percentiles in the upper berth sitting position and personal baggage storage.The blind area of the pedal-visual field and the RULA comfort rating were reduced during passengers climbing.The accessibility of berth armrests and upper limb comfort were improved during climbing.

关 键 词：人机工程 25G型硬卧车厢 JACK TRIZ 仿真分析 

分 类 号：TB47[一般工业技术—工业设计] U271.2[机械工程—车辆工程]