飞机牵引车驾驶台人机工程仿真分析及设计改进  

Ergonomic simulation analysis and design improvement for aircraft tow tractor driving control console

作　　者：周宁[1,2] 姚湘 罗钦林[2] 刘燕波 欧阳霜平 ZHOU Ning;YAO Xiang;LUO Qinlin;LIU Yanbo;OUYANG Shuangping(School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105;Changsha N98 Industrial Design Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410017;Weihai Guangtai Airport Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Weihai 264200)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学机械工程与力学学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]长沙九十八号工业设计有限公司,湖南长沙410017 [3]威海广泰空港设备股份有限公司,山东威海264200

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第8期209-214,共6页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52375269);国家社会科学基金艺术学一般项目(20BG115)。

摘　　要：为提升飞机牵引车驾驶安全性和舒适性,根据其操作流程提取驾驶员关键操作姿势并进行人机工程分析。在Jack软件中导入飞机牵引车驾驶台数字模型,并根据GB∕T 10000—1988建立的成年男性人体数字模型,搭建驾驶员驾驶、换挡、操作中控屏、一键启动及紧急停止5个关键操作姿势;采用Jack软件对关键操作姿势进行驾驶员可视域、可达域及舒适度的仿真分析。结果表明:驾驶姿势下,驾驶台右部区域相较于前部区域的可达程度更高,且驾驶员在一键启动和紧急停止两种操作姿势下的舒适度较差。基于分析结果,将驾驶台的一键启动和紧急停止按钮布置到驾驶台右侧区域。对设计改进方案分析后发现:驾驶员一键启动与紧急停止2种关键操作姿势的Porter和Krist舒适度参数趋向舒适。采用虚拟人机工程仿真技术,对驾驶员的关键操作姿势进行人机合理性分析,可为复杂装备产品设计的方案迭代提供有效依据。To improve the safety and comfort of aircraft tow tractor driving,the key operating postures of drivers were extracted according to operation process to perform ergonomic analysis.The digital model of the aircraft tow tractor control console was imported into Jack software.Five key operating postures of drivers were built including driving,shifting,operating the central control screen,one click start,and emergency stop using digital models of the adult male human body established in GB∕T 10000—1988.Jack software was used to simulate and analyze the driver’s visibility,accessibility,and comfort of key operating postures.The results showed that under the driving posture,the accessibility of the right control console was higher than that of the front area.The driver’s comfort was poor under one key start and emergency stop operating postures.Based on the analysis results,one click start and emergency stop buttons on the control console were arranged in the right area of the console.The analysis of the improved design scheme showed that the Porter and Krist comfort parameters for the two key operating positions of the driver’s one click start and emergency stop tended to be comfortable.The rationality analysis of drivers key operating postures could provide effective basis for the iterative design of complex equipment products using virtual ergonomic simulation technology.

关 键 词：人机工程 飞机牵引车 JACK 关键操作姿势 仿真分析 

分 类 号：U469.6[机械工程—车辆工程] TB47[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]