唯物史观视阈下“理性工具化”问题探析  

Analysis on the Problem of“Instrumentalized Reason”from the Perspective of Historical Materialism

作　　者：张新朋 刘利 ZHANG Xinpeng;LIU Li(School of Marxism,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Marxism,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学马克思主义学院,天津300387 [2]北方工业大学马克思主义学院,北京100144

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2025年第1期111-119,共9页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“英国马克思主义对数字资本主义的批判研究”(编号:23CKS037)。

摘　　要：“理性工具化”问题是霍克海默为西方理性传统的“消蚀”提出的应对之道,进而重建理性权威的入手点。从“理性工具化”到“工具理性”,经历了施密特翻译和哈贝马斯阐释创造的过程。霍克海默对“理性工具化”问题的诊断在于片面化的启蒙精神,抽象了理性的丰富性,仅仅保存了被工具化的理性的启蒙。在唯物史观视阈下,解决“理性之蚀”的思路无非是以“社会批判”超越“理性批判”,但“社会批判”毕竟无法代劳实际的社会变革。在社会主义市场经济条件下,解决“理性工具化”问题的正确方式,在于合理利用理性,进而解决资本治理难题,走出资本治理困境,开拓出新的发展方式和生活方式。The problem of“instrumentalized reason”is Horkheimer’s solution to the“erosion”of western rational tradition,and then the starting point of rebuilding rational authority.From“instrumentalized reason”to“instrumental reason”,it has experienced the process of Schmidt’s translation and Habermas’s interpretation of creation.Horkheimer’s diagnosis of the problem of“instrumentalized reason”lies in the fragmented enlightenment spirit,which abstracts the the richness of reason and only preserves the enlightenment of the instrumentalized reason.From the perspective of historical materialism,the solution to the“erosion of reason”is nothing more than“social criticism”over“rational criticism”,but“social criticism”can’t take the place of actual social reform after all.Under the condition of socialist market economy,the correct way to solve the problem of“instrumentalized reason”lies in the rational use of reason,and then solve the problem of capital governance,get out of the predicament of capital governance,and open up a new way of development and lifestyle.

关 键 词：霍克海默 理性工具化 唯物史观 资本治理 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学] B516.59