机场跑道“锅盖效应”防治机理研究  

Research on Prevention Mechanism of“Pot Cover Effect”in Airport Runway

作　　者：曲啸 张天旗 顾展飞 陈含 郭勤强 岳玮琪 QU Xiao;ZHANG Tianqi;GU Zhanfei;CHEN Han;GUO Qinqiang;YUE Weiqi(School of Civil Engineering and Environment,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou 450015,China;Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;Henan First Geology and Mineral Survey Institute Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州航空工业管理学院土木与环境学院,河南郑州450046 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院岩土工程研究所,北京100048 [3]河南省第一地质矿产调查院有限公司,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《郑州航空工业管理学院学报》2024年第6期86-94,共9页Journal of Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(232102321008、232102321010、222102320243、232102321031);河南省高校重点科研项目(23A560004);中国水科院科技成果转化基金专项项目(GE121003A0012022)。

摘　　要：地表覆盖层使土体表面蒸发效应受阻,引起水汽在不透气的覆盖层下集聚,进而引起一系列的工程病害的现象被称为“锅盖效应”。“锅盖效应”会导致水在浅层土体中积聚,最终诱发机场跑道道基灾害。基于锅盖效应水汽迁移量计算方法,建立计算模型,对不同条件下的“锅盖效应”防治效果进行分析。基于计算结果,认为在土体中铺设隔断层会抑制“锅盖效应”,透气性能越强的隔断层起到的抑制效果越弱,隔断层最优铺设位置为最大冻结深度位置。基于土体透气性对水汽迁移的影响规律,开展理论分析,认为在有效范围内,含水率、干密度的增大会使土体透气性下降,抑制土体水汽迁移速率,进而抑制“锅盖效应”的产生。以上研究结论对于选取隔断层材料、确定隔断层埋深位置具有一定的参考价值,同时可为寒区机场跑道冻害的防治提供思路。Pot cover effect refers to the phenomenon that the water vapor in the overburden soil moves upward by temperature gradient and condenses into liquid water or decomposes into ice which accumulate under the overburden eventually.Many examples show that the pot cover effect can lead to water accumulation in shallow soil,and eventually induce pavement disasters.In this paper,based on the calculation method of vapor migration of the pot cover effect,the calculation model is established,and prevention mechanism under different conditions is analyzed.Based on the calculation results,it is considered that the pot cover effect can be suppressed by laying separation layer in the soil,and the water content increment in the freezing depth increases with the gas permeability of the separation layer.The optimum laying position of the separation layer should be at the freezing depth of the soil,so as to effectively suppress the pot cover effect.The above conclusions are useful for selecting the material of separation layer and determining the depth of separation layer.The mechanism of initial water content and dry density on the pot cover effect is studied.It is concluded that the change of initial water content and dry density in the effective range can cause the change of soil permeability and then affect the pot cover effect.The above conclusions can provide ideas for the prevention and control of airport runway freezing damage in cold region.

关 键 词：锅盖效应 水汽迁移量计算方法 含水率 菲克定律 

分 类 号：V351[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]