施药频次对水稻穗颈瘟防控效果及糙米中药剂残留的影响  

Inpact of application frequency on control effect of rice neck blast and residue of fungicides in brown rice

作　　者：张国 于居龙[1] 凌鸿 张新凤 程金金[3] 朱凤 余向阳[3] 张建华[1] 姚克兵[1] 束兆林[1] ZHANG Guo;YU Julong;LING Hong;ZHANG Xinfeng;CHENG Jinjin;ZHU Feng;YU Xiangyang;ZHANG Jianhua;YAO Kebing;SHU Zhaolin(Institute of Zhenjiang Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Hilly Region,Jurong 212400,China;Zhenjiang Dantu District Fengchan Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative,Zhenjiang 212125,China;Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Jiangsu Provincial Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Nanjing 210036,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所,句容212400 [2]镇江市丹徒区丰产农机专业合作社,镇江212125 [3]江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,南京210014 [4]江苏省植物保护植物检疫站,南京210036

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第6期306-312,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(BE2022424-3);镇江市科技计划项目(CN2022002);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2023]257)。

摘　　要：为明确常用的8种杀菌剂施药不同次数后对水稻穗颈瘟的防治效果及在收获后稻米中的最终残留量,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)分别检测、分析了不同杀菌剂施药1次、2次和3次后在稻米中的最终残留量及其对水稻穗颈瘟的防治效果。结果表明:相同药剂施药次数越多,对稻瘟病防治效果越好,但稻米最终残留量也越高。施药1次,吡唑醚菌酯和嘧菌酯防治效果>90%;施药2次,三环唑、吡唑醚菌酯和嘧菌酯防治效果>90%;施药3次,三环唑、稻瘟灵和嘧菌酯防治效果>90%。除稻瘟灵施药3次后最终残留超过最大残留限,其余药剂均未超标。综上所述,采用三环唑、嘧菌酯或吡唑醚菌酯分别在水稻破口期及齐穗期施药1次,能有效防治水稻穗颈瘟,无残留风险,适用于水稻绿色生产。The aim of this experiment was to determine the control effect of eight common fungicides on rice neck blast and the residue in rice after application at different frequencies.Three application frequencies were set up,including once,twice or three times in the experiment.We monitored the effect of different treatments on rice neck blast,and the method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)was used to determine the residue in different treatments of rice.The results showed that for any of these fungicides,the more times of application,the better the control effect of rice blast and the higher the reside of fungicide in rice.When applied once,the control efficacy of pyraclostrobin and azoxystrobin was more than 90%.When applied twice,the control efficacy of tricyclazole,pyraclostrobin and azoxystrobin was more than 90%.When applied three times,the control effect of tricyclazole,isoprothiolane and azoxystrobin was more than 90%.The final residue exceeded the maximum residue limit in the treatment of three times application of isoprothiolane,while other treatments in this experiment did not lead to excessive residues.In conclusion,the application of tricyclazole,pyraclostrobin or azoxystrobin once at the break stage and the other time at full heading stage can effectively control rice neck blast without residual risk,and is suitable for rice green production.

关 键 词：稻瘟病 杀菌剂 药剂残留 防治效果 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]