肉苁蓉重大害虫——阿拉善平颜蚜蝇生物学特性研究  

Biological characteristics of a major pest Eumerus alxaensis on Cistanche deserticola

作　　者：李欣 阿地力·沙塔尔[1] 陈胜鹏 金玉杰 伊贝卡·亚力坤 哈斯木江·阿布都拉 LI Xin;ADELI Shattar;CHEN Shengpeng;JIN Yujie;IBECA Alikun;HASMUJIANG Abdullah(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Qiemo County,Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture,Bayingolin 841900,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州且末县林业和草原局,巴音郭楞841900

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第6期329-336,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：2023年新疆维吾尔自治区财政林草科技项目(2522HXKT5)。

摘　　要：为明确阿拉善平颜蚜蝇Eumerus alxaensis Huo&Liu在新疆的生活史及习性,掌握其发生规律,本试验于室内外对其生活史、成虫田间消长动态进行了观察,并分析温度、湿度等环境因子对其发生的影响。研究发现该虫在新疆一年发生2代,以幼虫在土壤中越冬,越冬代成虫翌年3月下旬开始羽化,4月中旬达到羽化高峰期,5月中旬为羽化末期,第一代成虫5月下旬开始发生,9月上旬达到羽化高峰期,10月中旬为羽化末期。成虫日羽化高峰时段06:00-08:00,羽化当天即可交配,可多次交配,交配高峰时段16:00-18:00,交配1次平均历时11 min,产卵高峰时段15:00-21:00;野外成虫将卵产于距地面(2.5±0.77)cm位置肉苁蓉叶片基部、茎表面或周围沙土中,卵单粒堆产;成虫对黄色趋性显著高于绿色、蓝色和白色(P<0.05);老熟幼虫在土壤40~50 cm深度分布数最多(P<0.05),此深度为肉苁蓉根部位置,在水平方向0~10 cm范围分布数量最多(P<0.05);老熟幼虫分布数量最高深度其土壤湿度最高。This study aims to understand the life history and habit of Eumerus alxaensis Huo&Liu in Xinjiang,and to grasp the regularity of its occurrence.The life history and the dynamics of adult growth in the field and indoor were observed,and the effects of temperature,humidity on its occurrence were analyzed.It occurs two generations a year in Xinjiang,with larvae overwintering in the soil.The adults of the overwintering generation begin to emerge in late March of the next year,reach the peak of emergence in mid-April,and reach the end of emergence in mid-May.The adults of the first generation begin to emerge in late May,reach the peak of emergence in early September,and reach the end of emergence in mid-October.The daily peak time of adult emergence is 6:00-8:00.Mating behavior started on the 1st day after the eclosion and multiple mating can be made.The peak time of mating is 16:00-18:00,and the average duration of one mating is 11 min.The peak time of oviposition is 15:00-21:00.In the wild,the adult eggs are deposited in the leaf base,stem surface(2.5±0.77)cm from the ground or surrounding sandy soil,and the eggs are deposited in single piles.The taxis to yellow was significantly higher than that to green,blue and white(P<0.05).The most mature larvae were distributed at the depth of 40-50 cm in the vertical direction of the soil(P<0.05),which was also the root position of C.deserticola.In the horizontal direction,the number distributed in the 0-10 cm zone is the largest(P<0.05).The soil moisture is the highest at the depth where the number of old larvae is the highest.

关 键 词：阿拉善平颜蚜蝇 肉苁蓉 生活史 发生动态 习性 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]