烟秆拔秆破碎机振动特性与刀辊动力学分析  

Vibration characteristics and dynamic analysis of knife roll of tobacco stalk pulling and crushing machine

作　　者：杨桃月 张大斌[2] 舒成松 余朝静 曹阳[2] Yang Taoyue;Zhang Dabin;Shu Chengsong;Yu Chaojing;Cao Yang(School of Aviation,Guizhou Open University(Guizhou Vocational Technology Institute),Guiyang,550023,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025,China;Maotai College,Zunyi,564507,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州开放大学(贵州职业技术学院)航空学院,贵阳市550023 [2]贵州大学机械工程学院,贵阳市550025 [3]茅台学院,贵州遵义564507

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第12期9-14,29,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300300);贵州省高层次创新型人才项目(黔科合平台人才—GCC[2022]007—1);贵州开放大学(贵州职业技术学院)科学研究项目(2023ZD01);茅台学院高层次人才科研启动经费项目(mygccrc[2022]110)。

摘　　要：拔秆刀辊作为一体式烟秆拔秆破碎机的关键部件,直接决定烟秆的抓取性能。由于作业环境、土壤特性及烟秆特征参数的差异性,致使样机容易发生共振且难以对拔秆刀辊动力性能和功耗进行准确计算。为解决上述问题,提出利用EDEM数值模拟方法计算拔秆刀辊的作业功耗。首先构建拔秆刀辊旋耕刀、拔秆横刀工作阻力的数学模型来分析刀辊的运动轨迹和功耗,再利用EDEM仿真计算刀辊切削烟垄的阻力、扭矩和功耗,最后开展整机振动测试研究,验证样机的振动特性及可靠性。结果表明,EDEM仿真的刀辊切削烟垄平均功耗为3.02 kW,与理论计算值比较其误差为5.63%;整机的振动幅值在83.894 Hz或其倍频处达到峰值,避开激励频率和一阶固有频率区间,样机不会发生共振,具有良好的可靠性。As the key component of the integrated tobacco stalk pulling crusher,the stalk pulling knife roller directly determines the performance of tobacco straw grabbing.As the operating environment,soil characteristics and the differences of characteristic parameters of tobacco stalks,the prototype is easily resonated,and it is difficult to accurately calculate the dynamic performance and power consumption of straw pulling knife roller.In order to solve these problems,this paper proposed to calculate the working power consumption of straw pulling knife roller by using EDEM numerical simulation method.Firstly,the mathematical models of rotary knife and straw pulling horizontal knife working resistance were constructed to analyze the movement trajectory and power consumption of the knife rollers,and then the resistance,torque and power consumption of the knife rollers cutting tobacco ridge were calculated by using EDEM simulation.Finally,the whole machine vibration test research was carried out to verify the vibration characteristics and reliability of the prototype.The results show that the average power consumption of EDEM simulation of knife roller cutting tobacco ridge is 3.02 kW,and its error is 5.63%compared with the theoretical calculated value.The vibration amplitude of the whole machine peaks at 83.894 Hz or its multiple frequency,which avoids the excitation frequency and the first-order intrinsic frequency interval,and the prototype will not resonate,and has good reliability.

关 键 词：烟秆拔秆破碎机 拔秆刀辊 动力学 振动特性 

分 类 号：S225.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]